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Mybatis 中怎么利用 mapper 實(shí)現(xiàn)動(dòng)態(tài)代理,很多新手對此不是很清楚,為了幫助大家解決這個(gè)難題,下面丸趣 TV 小編將為大家詳細(xì)講解,有這方面需求的人可以來學(xué)習(xí)下,希望你能有所收獲。
前言
在開始動(dòng)態(tài)代理的原理講解以前,我們先看一下集成 mybatis 以后 dao 層不使用動(dòng)態(tài)代理以及使用動(dòng)態(tài)代理的兩種實(shí)現(xiàn)方式,通過對比我們自己實(shí)現(xiàn) dao 層接口以及 mybatis 動(dòng)態(tài)代理可以更加直觀的展現(xiàn)出 mybatis 動(dòng)態(tài)代理替我們所做的工作,有利于我們理解動(dòng)態(tài)代理的過程,講解完以后我們再進(jìn)行動(dòng)態(tài)代理的原理解析,此講解基于 mybatis 的環(huán)境已經(jīng)搭建完成,并且已經(jīng)實(shí)現(xiàn)了基本的用戶類編寫以及用戶類的 Dao 接口的聲明,下面是 Dao 層的接口代碼
public interface UserDao {
/*
查詢所有用戶信息
*/
List User findAll();
/**
* 保存用戶
* @param user
*/
void save(User user);
/**
* 更新用戶
* @return
*/
void update(User user);
/**
* 刪除用戶
*/
void delete(Integer userId);
/**
* 查找一個(gè)用戶
* @param userId
* @return
*/
User findOne(Integer userId);
/**
* 根據(jù)名字模糊查詢
* @param name
* @return
*/
List User findByName(String name);
/**
* 根據(jù)組合對象進(jìn)行模糊查詢
* @param vo
* @return
*/
List User findByQueryVo(QueryVo vo);
}
一、Mybatis dao 層兩種實(shí)現(xiàn)方式的對比
1.dao 層不使用動(dòng)態(tài)代理
dao 層不使用動(dòng)態(tài)代理的話,就需要我們自己實(shí)現(xiàn) dao 層的接口,為了簡便起見,我只是實(shí)現(xiàn)了 Dao 接口中的 findAll 方法,以此方法為例子來展現(xiàn)我們自己實(shí)現(xiàn) Dao 的方式的情況,讓我們來看代碼:
public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao{
private SqlSessionFactory factory;
public UserDaoImpl(SqlSessionFactory factory){
this.factory = factory;
}
public List User findAll() {
//1. 獲取 sqlSession 對象
SqlSession sqlSession = factory.openSession();
//2. 調(diào)用 selectList 方法
List User list = sqlSession.selectList( com.example.dao.UserDao.findAll
//3. 關(guān)閉流
sqlSession.close();
return list;
}
public void save(User user) { }
public void update(User user) { }
public void delete(Integer userId) { }
public User findOne(Integer userId) {
return null;
}
public List User findByName(String name) {
return null;
}
public List User findByQueryVo(QueryVo vo) {
return null;
}
這里的關(guān)鍵代碼 List User list = sqlSession.selectList(com.example.dao.UserDao.findAll),需要我們自己手動(dòng)調(diào)用 SqlSession 里面的方法,基于動(dòng)態(tài)代理的方式最后的目標(biāo)也是成功的調(diào)用到這里。
注意:如果是添加,更新或者刪除操作的話需要在方法中增加事務(wù)的提交。
2.dao 層使用 Mybatis 的動(dòng)態(tài)代理
使用動(dòng)態(tài)代理的話 Dao 層的接口聲明完成以后只需要在使用的時(shí)候通過 SqlSession 對象的 getMapper 方法獲取對應(yīng) Dao 接口的代理對象,關(guān)鍵代碼如下:
//3. 獲取 SqlSession 對象
SqlSession session = factory.openSession();
//4. 獲取 dao 的代理對象
UserDao mapper = session.getMapper(UserDao.class);
//5. 執(zhí)行查詢所有的方法
List User list = mapper.findAll();
獲取到 dao 層的代理對象以后通過代理對象調(diào)用查詢方法就可以實(shí)現(xiàn)查詢所有用戶列表的功能。
二、Mybatis 動(dòng)態(tài)代理實(shí)現(xiàn)方式的原理解析
動(dòng)態(tài)代理中最重要的類:SqlSession、MapperProxy、MapperMethod,下面開始從入口方法到調(diào)用結(jié)束的過程分析。
1. 調(diào)用方法的開始:
//4. 獲取 dao 的代理對象
UserDao mapper = session.getMapper(UserDao.class); 因?yàn)?SqlSesseion 為接口,所以我們通過 Debug 方式發(fā)現(xiàn)這里使用的實(shí)現(xiàn)類為 DefaultSqlSession。
2. 找到 DeaultSqlSession 中的 getMapper 方法,發(fā)現(xiàn)這里沒有做其他的動(dòng)作,只是將工作繼續(xù)拋到了 Configuration 類中,Configuration 為類不是接口,可以直接進(jìn)入該類的 getMapper 方法中
@Override
public T T getMapper(Class T type) { return configuration. T getMapper(type, this);
}
3. 找到 Configuration 類的 getMapper 方法,這里也是將工作繼續(xù)交到 MapperRegistry 的 getMapper 的方法中,所以我們繼續(xù)向下進(jìn)行。
public T T getMapper(Class T type, SqlSession sqlSession) { return mapperRegistry.getMapper(type, sqlSession);
}
4. 找到 MapperRegistry 的 getMapper 的方法, 看到這里發(fā)現(xiàn)和以前不一樣了,通過 MapperProxyFactory 的命名方式我們知道這里將通過這個(gè)工廠生成我們所關(guān)注的 MapperProxy 的代理類,然后我們通過 mapperProxyFactory.newInstance(sqlSession); 進(jìn)入 MapperProxyFactory 的 newInstance 方法中
public T T getMapper(Class T type, SqlSession sqlSession) { final MapperProxyFactory T mapperProxyFactory = (MapperProxyFactory T) knownMappers.get(type);
if (mapperProxyFactory == null) {
throw new BindingException( Type + type + is not known to the MapperRegistry.
}
try { return mapperProxyFactory.newInstance(sqlSession);
} catch (Exception e) { throw new BindingException( Error getting mapper instance. Cause: + e, e);
}
}
5. 找到 MapperProxyFactory 的 newIntance 方法,通過參數(shù)類型 SqlSession 可以得知,上面的調(diào)用先進(jìn)入第二個(gè) newInstance 方法中并創(chuàng)建我們所需要重點(diǎn)關(guān)注的 MapperProxy 對象,第二個(gè)方法中再調(diào)用第一個(gè) newInstance 方法并將 MapperProxy 對象傳入進(jìn)去,根據(jù)該對象創(chuàng)建代理類并返回。這里已經(jīng)得到需要的代理類了,但是我們的代理類所做的工作還得繼續(xù)向下看 MapperProxy 類。
protected T newInstance(MapperProxy T mapperProxy) { return (T) Proxy.newProxyInstance(mapperInterface.getClassLoader(), new Class[] { mapperInterface }, mapperProxy);
}
public T newInstance(SqlSession sqlSession) { final MapperProxy T mapperProxy = new MapperProxy T (sqlSession, mapperInterface, methodCache);
return newInstance(mapperProxy);
}
6. 找到 MapperProxy 類,發(fā)現(xiàn)其確實(shí)實(shí)現(xiàn)了 JDK 動(dòng)態(tài)代理必須實(shí)現(xiàn)的接口 InvocationHandler,所以我們重點(diǎn)關(guān)注 invoke() 方法,這里看到在 invoke 方法里先獲取 MapperMethod 類,然后調(diào)用 mapperMethod.execute(),所以我們繼續(xù)查看 MapperMethod 類的 execute 方法。
public class MapperProxy T implements InvocationHandler, Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = -6424540398559729838L;
private final SqlSession sqlSession;
private final Class T mapperInterface;
private final Map Method, MapperMethod methodCache;
public MapperProxy(SqlSession sqlSession, Class T mapperInterface, Map Method, MapperMethod methodCache) {
this.sqlSession = sqlSession;
this.mapperInterface = mapperInterface;
this.methodCache = methodCache;
}
@Override
public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable {
try { if (Object.class.equals(method.getDeclaringClass())) { return method.invoke(this, args);
} else if (isDefaultMethod(method)) { return invokeDefaultMethod(proxy, method, args);
}
} catch (Throwable t) { throw ExceptionUtil.unwrapThrowable(t);
}
final MapperMethod mapperMethod = cachedMapperMethod(method);
return mapperMethod.execute(sqlSession, args);
}
private MapperMethod cachedMapperMethod(Method method) { MapperMethod mapperMethod = methodCache.get(method);
if (mapperMethod == null) { mapperMethod = new MapperMethod(mapperInterface, method, sqlSession.getConfiguration());
methodCache.put(method, mapperMethod);
}
return mapperMethod;
}
@UsesJava7
private Object invokeDefaultMethod(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args)
throws Throwable {
final Constructor MethodHandles.Lookup constructor = MethodHandles.Lookup.class
.getDeclaredConstructor(Class.class, int.class);
if (!constructor.isAccessible()) { constructor.setAccessible(true);
}
final Class ? declaringClass = method.getDeclaringClass();
return constructor
.newInstance(declaringClass,
MethodHandles.Lookup.PRIVATE | MethodHandles.Lookup.PROTECTED
| MethodHandles.Lookup.PACKAGE | MethodHandles.Lookup.PUBLIC)
.unreflectSpecial(method, declaringClass).bindTo(proxy).invokeWithArguments(args);
}
/**
* Backport of java.lang.reflect.Method#isDefault()
*/
private boolean isDefaultMethod(Method method) { return ((method.getModifiers()
(Modifier.ABSTRACT | Modifier.PUBLIC | Modifier.STATIC)) == Modifier.PUBLIC)
method.getDeclaringClass().isInterface();
}
}
7. 找到類 MapperMethod 類的 execute 方法,發(fā)現(xiàn) execute 中通過調(diào)用本類中的其他方法獲取并封裝返回結(jié)果,我們來看一下 MapperMethod 整個(gè)類。
public Object execute(SqlSession sqlSession, Object[] args) {
Object result;
switch (command.getType()) {
case INSERT: { Object param = method.convertArgsToSqlCommandParam(args);
result = rowCountResult(sqlSession.insert(command.getName(), param));
break;
}
case UPDATE: { Object param = method.convertArgsToSqlCommandParam(args);
result = rowCountResult(sqlSession.update(command.getName(), param));
break;
}
case DELETE: { Object param = method.convertArgsToSqlCommandParam(args);
result = rowCountResult(sqlSession.delete(command.getName(), param));
break;
}
case SELECT:
if (method.returnsVoid() method.hasResultHandler()) { executeWithResultHandler(sqlSession, args);
result = null;
} else if (method.returnsMany()) { result = executeForMany(sqlSession, args);
} else if (method.returnsMap()) { result = executeForMap(sqlSession, args);
} else if (method.returnsCursor()) { result = executeForCursor(sqlSession, args);
} else { Object param = method.convertArgsToSqlCommandParam(args);
result = sqlSession.selectOne(command.getName(), param);
}
break;
case FLUSH:
result = sqlSession.flushStatements();
break;
default:
throw new BindingException(Unknown execution method for: + command.getName());
}
if (result == null method.getReturnType().isPrimitive() !method.returnsVoid()) { throw new BindingException( Mapper method + command.getName()
+ attempted to return null from a method with a primitive return type ( + method.getReturnType() + ).
}
return result;
}
8. MapperMethod 類是整個(gè)代理機(jī)制的核心類,對 SqlSession 中的操作進(jìn)行了封裝使用。
該類里有兩個(gè)內(nèi)部類 SqlCommand 和 MethodSignature。SqlCommand 用來封裝 CRUD 操作,也就是我們在 xml 中配置的操作的節(jié)點(diǎn)。每個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)都會(huì)生成一個(gè) MappedStatement 類。
MethodSignature 用來封裝方法的參數(shù)以及返回類型,在 execute 的方法中我們發(fā)現(xiàn)在這里又回到了 SqlSession 中的接口調(diào)用,和我們自己實(shí)現(xiàn) UerDao 接口的方式中直接用 SqlSession 對象調(diào)用 DefaultSqlSession 的實(shí)現(xiàn)類的方法是一樣的,經(jīng)過一大圈的代理又回到了原地,這就是整個(gè)動(dòng)態(tài)代理的實(shí)現(xiàn)過程了。
public class MapperMethod {
private final SqlCommand command;
private final MethodSignature method;
public MapperMethod(Class ? mapperInterface, Method method, Configuration config) { this.command = new SqlCommand(config, mapperInterface, method);
this.method = new MethodSignature(config, mapperInterface, method);
}
public Object execute(SqlSession sqlSession, Object[] args) {
Object result;
switch (command.getType()) {
case INSERT: { Object param = method.convertArgsToSqlCommandParam(args);
result = rowCountResult(sqlSession.insert(command.getName(), param));
break;
}
case UPDATE: { Object param = method.convertArgsToSqlCommandParam(args);
result = rowCountResult(sqlSession.update(command.getName(), param));
break;
}
case DELETE: { Object param = method.convertArgsToSqlCommandParam(args);
result = rowCountResult(sqlSession.delete(command.getName(), param));
break;
}
case SELECT:
if (method.returnsVoid() method.hasResultHandler()) { executeWithResultHandler(sqlSession, args);
result = null;
} else if (method.returnsMany()) { result = executeForMany(sqlSession, args);
} else if (method.returnsMap()) { result = executeForMap(sqlSession, args);
} else if (method.returnsCursor()) { result = executeForCursor(sqlSession, args);
} else { Object param = method.convertArgsToSqlCommandParam(args);
result = sqlSession.selectOne(command.getName(), param);
}
break;
case FLUSH:
result = sqlSession.flushStatements();
break;
default:
throw new BindingException(Unknown execution method for: + command.getName());
}
if (result == null method.getReturnType().isPrimitive() !method.returnsVoid()) { throw new BindingException( Mapper method + command.getName()
+ attempted to return null from a method with a primitive return type ( + method.getReturnType() + ).
}
return result;
}
private Object rowCountResult(int rowCount) {
final Object result;
if (method.returnsVoid()) {
result = null;
} else if (Integer.class.equals(method.getReturnType()) || Integer.TYPE.equals(method.getReturnType())) {
result = rowCount;
} else if (Long.class.equals(method.getReturnType()) || Long.TYPE.equals(method.getReturnType())) { result = (long)rowCount;
} else if (Boolean.class.equals(method.getReturnType()) || Boolean.TYPE.equals(method.getReturnType())) {
result = rowCount 0;
} else { throw new BindingException( Mapper method + command.getName() + has an unsupported return type: + method.getReturnType());
}
return result;
}
private void executeWithResultHandler(SqlSession sqlSession, Object[] args) { MappedStatement ms = sqlSession.getConfiguration().getMappedStatement(command.getName());
if (void.class.equals(ms.getResultMaps().get(0).getType())) { throw new BindingException( method + command.getName()
+ needs either a @ResultMap annotation, a @ResultType annotation,
+ or a resultType attribute in XML so a ResultHandler can be used as a parameter.
}
Object param = method.convertArgsToSqlCommandParam(args);
if (method.hasRowBounds()) { RowBounds rowBounds = method.extractRowBounds(args);
sqlSession.select(command.getName(), param, rowBounds, method.extractResultHandler(args));
} else { sqlSession.select(command.getName(), param, method.extractResultHandler(args));
}
}
private E Object executeForMany(SqlSession sqlSession, Object[] args) {
List E result;
Object param = method.convertArgsToSqlCommandParam(args);
if (method.hasRowBounds()) { RowBounds rowBounds = method.extractRowBounds(args);
result = sqlSession. E selectList(command.getName(), param, rowBounds);
} else { result = sqlSession. E selectList(command.getName(), param);
}
// issue #510 Collections arrays support
if (!method.getReturnType().isAssignableFrom(result.getClass())) { if (method.getReturnType().isArray()) { return convertToArray(result);
} else { return convertToDeclaredCollection(sqlSession.getConfiguration(), result);
}
}
return result;
}
private T Cursor T executeForCursor(SqlSession sqlSession, Object[] args) {
Cursor T result;
Object param = method.convertArgsToSqlCommandParam(args);
if (method.hasRowBounds()) { RowBounds rowBounds = method.extractRowBounds(args);
result = sqlSession. T selectCursor(command.getName(), param, rowBounds);
} else { result = sqlSession. T selectCursor(command.getName(), param);
}
return result;
}
private E Object convertToDeclaredCollection(Configuration config, List E list) { Object collection = config.getObjectFactory().create(method.getReturnType());
MetaObject metaObject = config.newMetaObject(collection);
metaObject.addAll(list);
return collection;
}
@SuppressWarnings(unchecked)
private E Object convertToArray(List E list) { Class ? arrayComponentType = method.getReturnType().getComponentType();
Object array = Array.newInstance(arrayComponentType, list.size());
if (arrayComponentType.isPrimitive()) { for (int i = 0; i list.size(); i++) { Array.set(array, i, list.get(i));
}
return array;
} else { return list.toArray((E[])array);
}
}
private K, V Map K, V executeForMap(SqlSession sqlSession, Object[] args) {
Map K, V result;
Object param = method.convertArgsToSqlCommandParam(args);
if (method.hasRowBounds()) { RowBounds rowBounds = method.extractRowBounds(args);
result = sqlSession. K, V selectMap(command.getName(), param, method.getMapKey(), rowBounds);
} else { result = sqlSession. K, V selectMap(command.getName(), param, method.getMapKey());
}
return result;
}
public static class ParamMap V extends HashMap String, V {
private static final long serialVersionUID = -2212268410512043556L;
@Override
public V get(Object key) { if (!super.containsKey(key)) { throw new BindingException( Parameter + key + not found. Available parameters are + keySet());
}
return super.get(key);
}
}
public static class SqlCommand {
private final String name;
private final SqlCommandType type;
public SqlCommand(Configuration configuration, Class ? mapperInterface, Method method) { final String methodName = method.getName();
final Class ? declaringClass = method.getDeclaringClass();
MappedStatement ms = resolveMappedStatement(mapperInterface, methodName, declaringClass,
configuration);
if (ms == null) { if (method.getAnnotation(Flush.class) != null) {
name = null;
type = SqlCommandType.FLUSH;
} else { throw new BindingException( Invalid bound statement (not found):
+ mapperInterface.getName() + . + methodName);
}
} else { name = ms.getId();
type = ms.getSqlCommandType();
if (type == SqlCommandType.UNKNOWN) { throw new BindingException( Unknown execution method for: + name);
}
}
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public SqlCommandType getType() {
return type;
}
private MappedStatement resolveMappedStatement(Class ? mapperInterface, String methodName,
Class ? declaringClass, Configuration configuration) { String statementId = mapperInterface.getName() + . + methodName;
if (configuration.hasStatement(statementId)) { return configuration.getMappedStatement(statementId);
} else if (mapperInterface.equals(declaringClass)) {
return null;
}
for (Class ? superInterface : mapperInterface.getInterfaces()) { if (declaringClass.isAssignableFrom(superInterface)) {
MappedStatement ms = resolveMappedStatement(superInterface, methodName,
declaringClass, configuration);
if (ms != null) {
return ms;
}
}
}
return null;
}
}
public static class MethodSignature {
private final boolean returnsMany;
private final boolean returnsMap;
private final boolean returnsVoid;
private final boolean returnsCursor;
private final Class ? returnType;
private final String mapKey;
private final Integer resultHandlerIndex;
private final Integer rowBoundsIndex;
private final ParamNameResolver paramNameResolver;
public MethodSignature(Configuration configuration, Class ? mapperInterface, Method method) { Type resolvedReturnType = TypeParameterResolver.resolveReturnType(method, mapperInterface);
if (resolvedReturnType instanceof Class ?) { this.returnType = (Class ?) resolvedReturnType;
} else if (resolvedReturnType instanceof ParameterizedType) { this.returnType = (Class ?) ((ParameterizedType) resolvedReturnType).getRawType();
} else { this.returnType = method.getReturnType();
}
this.returnsVoid = void.class.equals(this.returnType);
this.returnsMany = (configuration.getObjectFactory().isCollection(this.returnType) || this.returnType.isArray());
this.returnsCursor = Cursor.class.equals(this.returnType);
this.mapKey = getMapKey(method);
this.returnsMap = (this.mapKey != null);
this.rowBoundsIndex = getUniqueParamIndex(method, RowBounds.class);
this.resultHandlerIndex = getUniqueParamIndex(method, ResultHandler.class);
this.paramNameResolver = new ParamNameResolver(configuration, method);
}
public Object convertArgsToSqlCommandParam(Object[] args) { return paramNameResolver.getNamedParams(args);
}
public boolean hasRowBounds() {
return rowBoundsIndex != null;
}
public RowBounds extractRowBounds(Object[] args) { return hasRowBounds() ? (RowBounds) args[rowBoundsIndex] : null;
}
public boolean hasResultHandler() {
return resultHandlerIndex != null;
}
public ResultHandler extractResultHandler(Object[] args) { return hasResultHandler() ? (ResultHandler) args[resultHandlerIndex] : null;
}
public String getMapKey() {
return mapKey;
}
public Class ? getReturnType() {
return returnType;
}
public boolean returnsMany() {
return returnsMany;
}
public boolean returnsMap() {
return returnsMap;
}
public boolean returnsVoid() {
return returnsVoid;
}
public boolean returnsCursor() {
return returnsCursor;
}
private Integer getUniqueParamIndex(Method method, Class ? paramType) {
Integer index = null;
final Class ? [] argTypes = method.getParameterTypes();
for (int i = 0; i argTypes.length; i++) { if (paramType.isAssignableFrom(argTypes[i])) { if (index == null) {
index = i;
} else { throw new BindingException(method.getName() + cannot have multiple + paramType.getSimpleName() + parameters
}
}
}
return index;
}
private String getMapKey(Method method) {
String mapKey = null;
if (Map.class.isAssignableFrom(method.getReturnType())) { final MapKey mapKeyAnnotation = method.getAnnotation(MapKey.class);
if (mapKeyAnnotation != null) { mapKey = mapKeyAnnotation.value();
}
}
return mapKey;
}
}
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