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說明
Starting with this release, you can configure user accounts to automatically lock if they have been inactive over a period of time.
The CREATE USER and ALTER USER SQL statements enable you to set a new profile parameter, INACTIVE_ACCOUNT_TIME, which enables you to automatically lock inactive accounts.
從 12.2 開始，Oracle 會自動將不活躍 (超過一定時間沒有操作) 的用戶鎖住。該時間是通過參數 INACTIVE_ACCOUNT_TIME 來設置的。
該參數單位：天。表示從該用戶上次成功登陸開始計算，如果超過參數設定的天數，那么 Oracle 會自動鎖住該用戶。
該參數默認是 UNLIMITED，需要手動開啟。
SQL select profile,resource_name,limit from dba_profiles t where t.resource_name= INACTIVE_ACCOUNT_TIME
PROFILE RESOURCE_NAME LIMIT
------------------------------ ------------------------------ --------------------
DEFAULT INACTIVE_ACCOUNT_TIME UNLIMITED
ORA_STIG_PROFILE INACTIVE_ACCOUNT_TIME 35
TEST_PROFILE INACTIVE_ACCOUNT_TIME 35關于該參數的更多說明：
INACTIVE_ACCOUNT_TIME 默認值是 UNLIMITED，也就是不啟用自動鎖用戶.
參數值是 15 到 24855 之間.
如果不想自動鎖用戶，則需要把 INACTIVE_ACCOUNT_TIME 參數值設置為 UNLIMITED.
想將該參數時間設置為默認 PROFILE 中指定的參數值，可設置 INACTIVE_ACCOUNT_TIME 參數值為 DEFAULT.
You can set this parameter for all database authenticated users, including administrative users, but not for external or global authenticated users.
In a read-only database, the last successful login is not considered in the INACTIVE_ACCOUNT_TIME timing. It is not possible to lock a user account in a read-only database (except by performing consecutive failed logins equal in number to the account’s FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS password profile setting).
For a newly created user account, the timing begins at account creation time. When this user logs out and then logs again, the timing starts when the user successfully logs in.
In a multitenant environment, the INACTIVE_ACCOUNT_TIME setting applies to the last time a common user logs in to the root. A common user is considered active if this user logs in to any of the PDBs or the root.
For a proxy user account login, the INACTIVE_ACCOUNT_TIME begins the timing when the proxy user logs in successfully.
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