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丸趣 TV 小編給大家分享一下 Oracle 12c 如何使用 RMAN 備份對 Non-CDB 中的表按時間點進行恢復，相信大部分人都還不怎么了解，因此分享這篇文章給大家參考一下，希望大家閱讀完這篇文章后大有收獲，下面讓我們一起去了解一下吧！
RMAN 使用 recover 命令來將表或表分區恢復到指定的時間點。為了從 RMAN 備份中恢復表與表分區，你必須提供以下信息：
. 要被恢復的表或表分區
. 表或表分區要被恢復到的特定時間點
. 被恢復的表或表分區是否要被導入到目標數據庫中
RMAN 使用這些信息來自動對表或表分區執行恢復操作。作為恢復處理的一部分，RMAN 會創建一個輔助數據庫用來將表或表分區恢復到指定的時間點。如果被恢復的表或表分區需要被重命名，映射到新表空間或映射到新方案中，那么必須指定新的表名，表空間名或方案名。
當從 RMAN 備份中自動處理表或表分區的恢復操作時 RMAN 將會執行以下步驟:
1. 基于指定的恢復時間點來判斷包含被恢復表或表分區的是那個備份文件。
2. 判斷在目標主機上是否有足夠的空間用來創建輔助實例來執行對表或表分區的恢復操作，如果沒有足夠空間，那么 RMAN 將會顯示錯誤信息并且退出恢復操作。
3. 在目標主機上創建一個輔助數據庫并且在輔助數據庫中將指定的表或表分區恢復到指定的時間點?？梢栽谀繕酥鳈C上指定存儲輔助數據庫相關恢復數據文件的目錄。
4. 創建對恢復的表或表分區使用 Data Pump 進行導出?？梢灾付ㄓ脕泶鎯Ρ换謴捅砘虮矸謪^元數據的 dump 文件的文件名與存儲目錄。
5. 可選操作，將步驟 4 導出的表或表分區導入到目標數據庫中。可以選擇不將包含被恢復表或表分區導出 dump 文件導入到目標數據庫中。如果選擇不將導出 dump 文件導入目標數據庫作為恢復操作的一部分，那么之后必須使用 Data Pump 導入工具進行導入操作。
6. 可選操作，在目標數據庫中重命名被恢復的表或表分區。也可以將被恢復的對象導入與它原始表空間或方案不同的表空間或方案中。
RMAN 表恢復操作時輔助數據庫文件的存儲目錄
為了恢復指定的表或表分區，RMAN 會創建一個輔助數據庫在恢復操作時使用。使用以下一種方法來在目標主機上指定用來存儲輔助數據庫文件的目錄：
. 在 recover 命令中指定 auxiliary destination 子句。
. 使用 set newname 命令。在 run 塊中使用 recover 命令并且使用 set newname 命令來重命名數據文件。
建議通過使用 auxiliary destination 子句來為輔助數據庫的數據文件指定存儲目錄。當使用 set newname 命令時，即使是只對恢復操作所請求的一個數據文件沒有執行 set newname 命令，那么就不能對表或表分區執行恢復操作。
RMAN 恢復表與表分區操作中所使用的 Data Pump 導出 dump 文件
當在輔助數據庫中將表或表分區恢復到指定的時間點之后，RMAN 會創建包含被恢復對象的 Data Pump 導出 dump 文件?？梢灾付?dump 文件的文件名與位置或者允許 RMAN 使用缺省的文件名與位置。在 recover 命令中使用 datapump destination 子句來指定創建 Data Pump 導出 dump 文件的存儲目錄。這個目錄通常是操作系統目錄路徑來存儲 dump 文件。如果忽略這個子句，dump 文件會被存儲在由 auxiliary destination 參數所指定的目錄中。如果不指定輔助目錄，那么 dump 文件會被存儲在缺省操作系統特定的目錄中。在 Linux 操作系統中，缺省目錄為 $ORACLE_HOME/dbs。在 Windows 操作系統中，缺省目錄為 %ORACLE_HOME\database。在 recover 命令中使用 dump file 子句來指定創建 Data Pump 導出 dump 文件的存儲目錄。如果忽略這個子句，RMAN 使用缺省操作系統特定的 dump 文件名。在 Linux 與 Windows 操作系統中，缺省的 dump 文件名為 tspitr_SID-of-clone_n.dmp，SID-of-clone 是 RMAN 在執行恢復操作時所創建的輔助數據庫的 Oracle SID，其中 n 是任意隨機生成的數字。如果由 dump file 所指定的文件名在目錄中已經存在，那么恢復操作將會失敗。
將被恢復的表與表分區導入到目標數據庫
缺省情況下，RMAN 會將存儲在 dump 文件中的被恢復表或表分區導入到目標數據庫中。然而，可以選擇在 recover 命令中使用 notableimport 子句來避免將被恢復的表或表分區導入到目標數據庫中。當 notableimport 子句被使用時，RMAN 會將表或表分區恢復到指定的時間點，然后創建導出 dump 文件。然而，這個 dump 文件不會被導入到目標數據庫中。當需要時可以通過手動使用 Data Pump 導入工具將 dump 文件導入到目標數據庫。如果在導入操作時出現了錯誤，RMAN 在表恢復操作結束時不會刪除導出 dump 文件。這可以讓你手動導入 dump 文件。
對被恢復的表與表分區進行重命名
當你恢復表或表分區時，可以在它們被導入到目標數據庫后進行重命名。remap table 子句可以用來對目標數據庫中被恢復的表或表分區進行重命名。為了將被恢復的表或表分區導入與原始對象所存儲的不同表空間，可以在 recover 命令中使用 remap tablespace 子句。只有被恢復的表或表分區會被重新映射，已有的對象不會發生改變。如果目標數據庫中有與被恢復對象同名的對象，RMAN 會顯示錯誤信息指示需要使用 remap table 子句來重命名被恢復的表。當恢復表分區時，每個表分區被恢復成一個單獨的表。使用 remap table 子句來指定每個被恢復的分區在導入時所使用的表名。如果沒有顯式地指定表名，RMAN 會通過組合被恢復的表與分區名來生成表名。生成的表名格式為 tablename_partitionname。如果表名在目標數據庫中已經存在了，那么 RMAN 會在表名后加上_1。如果這個表名也存在了，那么就在表名后加上_2 依此類推。當使用 remap 選項時，任何命名約束與索引不會被導入。這可以避免與現有表發生沖突。
將表與分區恢復到新用戶方案中
將表或表分區恢復到不同的用戶方案中可以避免與原用戶方案中已經存在的約束，索引或觸發器名字發生命名沖突。從 Oracle 12.2 開始，可以將表或表分區恢復到與原用戶方案不同的用戶方案中。當將對象恢復到不同用戶方案中時，可以保留它們的原始名字或重新命名。在單個恢復操作中可以重命名表與重新映射用戶方案。例如，可以將 hr.employees 表恢復成 new_hr.employees 表，hr.new_employees 表或 new_hr.new_employees 表。remap table 子句能讓你重命名對象并且將它們恢復到不同的用戶方案中。在執行表恢復操作時，對 recover table 命令使用 remap table 子句來將原用戶方案映射成新用戶方案。在執行恢復操作之前新用戶方案必須先在目標數據庫中存在。表恢復在物理備庫中不支持。對于邏輯備庫，在主庫中執行的對象恢復也會被同步到邏輯備庫。
使用 RMAN 備份來恢復表與表分區的限制
當使用 recover 命令與 RMAN 備份來恢復表或表分區時存在以下限制:
.sys 用戶方案中的表與表分區不能被恢復。
.system 與 sysaux 表空間中的表與表分區不能被恢復。
. 備庫中的表與表分區不能被恢復。
. 有 not null 約束的表在使用 remap 選項時不能被恢復。
恢復表與表分區所需要的準備工作
使用 RMAN 備份來恢復表或表分區所需要的準備工作如下:
. 驗證恢復表或表分區所需要的條件是否滿足。
. 判斷表或表分區需要被恢復到的時間點。
. 決定是否要將被恢復的表或表分區導入到目標數據庫中。缺省情況下，RMAN 會將被恢復的表或表分區導入到目標數據庫中。然而可以指定 RMAN 不志入被恢復的對象。
. 決定是否要對被恢復的表或表分區進行重命名，映射到新表空間或映射到新用戶方案。
使用 RMAN 備份恢復表與表分區的先決條件
. 目標數據庫必須處于讀寫狀態。
. 目標數據庫必須處于歸檔模式。
. 對于這些對象所恢復的時間點來說被恢復的表或表分區必須有 RMAN 備份。
. 為了恢復單個表分區，目標數據庫的 compatible 參數必須被設置為 11.1.0 或更高版本。
判斷表與表分區所要被恢復到的時間點
判斷表或表分區所要被恢復到的時間點是非常重要的。RMAN 可以使用以下一種方法來指定恢復時間點:
.SCN，將表或表分區恢復到由 SCN 所指定的時間點。
.Time(時間)，將表或表分區恢復到指定的時間點。所使用的日期格式是由 NLS_LANG 與 NLS_DATE_FORMAT 環境變量所組成的。也可以使用數據常量比如 SYSDATE 來指定時間，例如 SYSDATE-30。
.Sequence number(日志序列號)，將表或表分區恢復到由日志序列號與日志線程號所指定的時間點。
恢復表與表分區
下面將描述對 Non-CDB 中的表或表分區恢復到指定時間點的操作步驟。
1. 執行恢復表與表分區所需要的準備工作
. 驗證恢復表或表分區所需要的條件是否滿足。
. 判斷表或表分區需要被恢復到的時間點。
. 決定是否要將被恢復的表或表分區導入到目標數據庫中。缺省情況下，RMAN 會將被恢復的表或表分區導入到目標數據庫中。然而可以指定 RMAN 不志入被恢復的對象。
. 決定是否要對被恢復的表或表分區進行重命名，映射到新表空間或映射到新用戶方案。
2. 啟動 RMAN 并使用有 sysbacup 或 sysdba 權限的用戶連接到目標數據庫。
3. 通過使用 recover table 命令將要被恢復的表或表分區恢復到指定的時間點。必須使用 auxiliary destination 子句與以下子句中的一個用來指定恢復時間點：until time,until scn 或 until sequence。在 recover 命令中還
可以使用以下子句:
.dump file 與 datapump destination，指定包含被恢復表或表分區的導出 dump 文件的文件名與存儲位置。
.notableimport，指示被恢復的表或表分區不用導入到目標數據庫。
.remap table，在目標數據庫中將被恢復的表或表分區進行重命名。這個子句也可用來將原用戶方案中的表或表分區恢復到新用戶方案中。
.remap tablespace，將表與表分區恢復到與原始表空間不同的表空間中。
下面的例子使用 RMAN 備份對表 t_emp 進行按時間點恢復
1. 對整個 Non-CDB(orcl) 生成 RMAN 備份
RMAN backup as compressed backupset database format +data/backup/%d_%I_%U_%t plus archivelog format arc_%d_%T_%U
Starting backup at 10-JAN-18
current log archived
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed archived log backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set
input archived log thread=1 sequence=13 RECID=1 STAMP=964995986
input archived log thread=1 sequence=14 RECID=2 STAMP=965007422
input archived log thread=1 sequence=15 RECID=3 STAMP=965007493
input archived log thread=1 sequence=16 RECID=4 STAMP=965007542
input archived log thread=1 sequence=17 RECID=5 STAMP=965011311
input archived log thread=1 sequence=18 RECID=6 STAMP=965011687
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 10-JAN-18
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 10-JAN-18
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/dbs/arc_ORCL_20180110_21so9q78_1_1 tag=TAG20180110T024807 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15
Finished backup at 10-JAN-18
Starting backup at 10-JAN-18
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00004 name=+DATA/orcl/datafile/users01.dbf
input datafile file number=00001 name=+DATA/orcl/datafile/system01.dbf
input datafile file number=00002 name=+DATA/orcl/datafile/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile file number=00003 name=+DATA/orcl/datafile/undotbs01.dbf
input datafile file number=00005 name=+DATA/orcl/datafile/usertbs01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 10-JAN-18
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 10-JAN-18
piece handle=+DATA/backup/orcl_1492772871_22so9q7p_1_1_965011705 tag=TAG20180110T024824 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:45
Finished backup at 10-JAN-18
Starting backup at 10-JAN-18
current log archived
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed archived log backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set
input archived log thread=1 sequence=19 RECID=7 STAMP=965011751
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 10-JAN-18
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 10-JAN-18
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/dbs/arc_ORCL_20180110_23so9q98_1_1 tag=TAG20180110T024912 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 10-JAN-18
Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 10-JAN-18
piece handle=+DATA/backup/c-1492772871-20180110-01 comment=NONE
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 10-JAN-182. 在刪除表 t_emp 中記錄之前記錄當前 scn 與時間，在執行恢復時它們被用來指定恢復時間點
SQL select count(*) from t_emp;
COUNT(*)
----------
107
1 row selected.
SQL select sysdate from dual;
SYSDATE
-------------------
2018-01-10 02:50:10
1 row selected.
SQL select current_scn from v$database;
CURRENT_SCN
-----------
399411
1 row selected.
SQL delete from t_emp;
107 rows deleted.
SQL commit;
Commit complete.
SQL select count(*) from t_emp;
COUNT(*)
----------
0
1 row selected.3. 啟動 RMAN 并使用有 sysbacup 或 sysdba 權限的用戶連接到目標數據庫。
[oracle@jytest3 ~]$ rman target/
Recovery Manager: Release 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jan 10 02:22:13 2018
Copyright (c) 1982, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: ORCL (DBID=1492772871)4. 通過使用 recover table 命令將要被恢復的表或表分區恢復到指定的時間點。使用 auxiliary destination 子句（/ora_xtts/recover 輔助數據文件存儲目錄)與 until scn 來指定恢復時間點, 并且在 recover 命令中使用子句 dump file 與 datapump destination，指定包含被恢復表或表分區的導出 dump 文件的文件名 (t_emp.dmp) 與存儲位置(/ora_xtts/dump)。使用 notableimport 子句指示被恢復的表或表分區不用導入到目標數據庫。
RMAN run
2 {
3 recover table hr.t_emp
4 until scn 399411
5 auxiliary destination /ora_xtts/recover
6 datapump destination /ora_xtts/dump
7 dump file t_emp.dmp
8 notableimport;
9 }
Starting recover at 10-JAN-18
using channel ORA_DISK_1
RMAN-05026: warning: presuming following set of tablespaces applies to specified point-in-time
List of tablespaces expected to have UNDO segments
Tablespace SYSTEM
Tablespace UNDOTBS1
Creating automatic instance, with SID= fcsj
initialization parameters used for automatic instance:
db_name=ORCL
db_unique_name=fcsj_pitr_ORCL
compatible=12.2.0
db_block_size=8192
db_files=200
diagnostic_dest=/u01/app/oracle
_system_trig_enabled=FALSE
sga_target=1024M
processes=120
db_create_file_dest=/ora_xtts/recover
log_archive_dest_1= location=/ora_xtts/recover
#No auxiliary parameter file used
Variable Size 293602616 bytes
Database Buffers 763363328 bytes
Redo Buffers 8146944 bytes
Automatic instance created
contents of Memory Script:
# set requested point in time
set until scn 399411;
# restore the controlfile
restore clone controlfile;
# mount the controlfile
sql clone alter database mount clone database
# archive current online log
sql alter system archive log current
executing Memory Script
executing command: SET until clause
Starting restore at 10-JAN-18
allocated channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: SID=6 device type=DISK
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring control file
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: reading from backup piece +DATA/backup/c-1492772871-20180110-01
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: piece handle=+DATA/backup/c-1492772871-20180110-01 tag=TAG20180110T024913
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:05
output file name=/ora_xtts/recover/ORCL/controlfile/o1_mf_f5b4xmpo_.ctl
Finished restore at 10-JAN-18
sql statement: alter database mount clone database
sql statement: alter system archive log current
contents of Memory Script:
# set requested point in time
set until scn 399411;
# set destinations for recovery set and auxiliary set datafiles
set newname for clone datafile 1 to new;
set newname for clone datafile 3 to new;
set newname for clone datafile 2 to new;
set newname for clone tempfile 1 to new;
# switch all tempfiles
switch clone tempfile all;
# restore the tablespaces in the recovery set and the auxiliary set
restore clone datafile 1, 3, 2;
switch clone datafile all;
executing Memory Script
executing command: SET until clause
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
renamed tempfile 1 to /ora_xtts/recover/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_tempts1_%u_.tmp in control file
Starting restore at 10-JAN-18
using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00001 to /ora_xtts/recover/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_system_%u_.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00003 to /ora_xtts/recover/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_%u_.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00002 to /ora_xtts/recover/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_%u_.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: reading from backup piece +DATA/backup/orcl_1492772871_22so9q7p_1_1_965011705
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: piece handle=+DATA/backup/orcl_1492772871_22so9q7p_1_1_965011705 tag=TAG20180110T024824
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:45
Finished restore at 10-JAN-18
datafile 1 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=4 STAMP=965013098 file name=/ora_xtts/recover/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_system_f5b4xwvo_.dbf
datafile 3 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=5 STAMP=965013098 file name=/ora_xtts/recover/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_f5b4xwx2_.dbf
datafile 2 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=6 STAMP=965013098 file name=/ora_xtts/recover/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_f5b4xwwj_.dbf
contents of Memory Script:
# set requested point in time
set until scn 399411;
# online the datafiles restored or switched
sql clone alter database datafile 1 online
sql clone alter database datafile 3 online
sql clone alter database datafile 2 online
# recover and open database read only
recover clone database tablespace SYSTEM , UNDOTBS1 , SYSAUX
sql clone alter database open read only
executing Memory Script
executing command: SET until clause
sql statement: alter database datafile 1 online
sql statement: alter database datafile 3 online
sql statement: alter database datafile 2 online
Starting recover at 10-JAN-18
using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1
starting media recovery
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 19 is already on disk as file +DATA/arch/orcl/1_19_964992135.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 20 is already on disk as file +DATA/arch/orcl/1_20_964992135.dbf
archived log file name=+DATA/arch/orcl/1_19_964992135.dbf thread=1 sequence=19
archived log file name=+DATA/arch/orcl/1_20_964992135.dbf thread=1 sequence=20
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:00
Finished recover at 10-JAN-18
sql statement: alter database open read only
contents of Memory Script:
sql clone create spfile from memory
shutdown clone immediate;
startup clone nomount;
sql clone alter system set control_files =
/ora_xtts/recover/ORCL/controlfile/o1_mf_f5b4xmpo_.ctl comment=
RMAN set scope=spfile
shutdown clone immediate;
startup clone nomount;
# mount database
sql clone alter database mount clone database
executing Memory Script
sql statement: create spfile from memory
database closed
database dismounted
Oracle instance shut down
connected to auxiliary database (not started)
Oracle instance started
Total System Global Area 1073741824 bytes
Fixed Size 8628936 bytes
Variable Size 293602616 bytes
Database Buffers 763363328 bytes
Redo Buffers 8146944 bytes
sql statement: alter system set control_files = /ora_xtts/recover/ORCL/controlfile/o1_mf_f5b4xmpo_.ctl comment= RMAN set scope=spfile
Oracle instance shut down
connected to auxiliary database (not started)
Oracle instance started
Total System Global Area 1073741824 bytes
Fixed Size 8628936 bytes
Variable Size 293602616 bytes
Database Buffers 763363328 bytes
Redo Buffers 8146944 bytes
sql statement: alter database mount clone database
contents of Memory Script:
# set requested point in time
set until scn 399411;
# set destinations for recovery set and auxiliary set datafiles
set newname for datafile 4 to new;
# restore the tablespaces in the recovery set and the auxiliary set
restore clone datafile 4;
switch clone datafile all;
executing Memory Script
executing command: SET until clause
executing command: SET NEWNAME
Starting restore at 10-JAN-18
allocated channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: SID=7 device type=DISK
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00004 to /ora_xtts/recover/FCSJ_PITR_ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_users_%u_.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: reading from backup piece +DATA/backup/orcl_1492772871_22so9q7p_1_1_965011705
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: piece handle=+DATA/backup/orcl_1492772871_22so9q7p_1_1_965011705 tag=TAG20180110T024824
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:01:15
Finished restore at 10-JAN-18
datafile 4 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=8 STAMP=965013242 file name=/ora_xtts/recover/FCSJ_PITR_ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_users_f5b51h8p_.dbf
contents of Memory Script:
# set requested point in time
set until scn 399411;
# online the datafiles restored or switched
sql clone alter database datafile 4 online
# recover and open resetlogs
recover clone database tablespace USERS , SYSTEM , UNDOTBS1 , SYSAUX delete archivelog;
alter clone database open resetlogs;
executing Memory Script
executing command: SET until clause
sql statement: alter database datafile 4 online
Starting recover at 10-JAN-18
using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1
starting media recovery
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 19 is already on disk as file +DATA/arch/orcl/1_19_964992135.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 20 is already on disk as file +DATA/arch/orcl/1_20_964992135.dbf
archived log file name=+DATA/arch/orcl/1_19_964992135.dbf thread=1 sequence=19
archived log file name=+DATA/arch/orcl/1_20_964992135.dbf thread=1 sequence=20
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished recover at 10-JAN-18
database opened
contents of Memory Script:
# create directory for datapump import
sql create or replace directory TSPITR_DIROBJ_DPDIR as
/ora_xtts/dump
# create directory for datapump export
sql clone create or replace directory TSPITR_DIROBJ_DPDIR as
/ora_xtts/dump
executing Memory Script
sql statement: create or replace directory TSPITR_DIROBJ_DPDIR as /ora_xtts/dump
sql statement: create or replace directory TSPITR_DIROBJ_DPDIR as /ora_xtts/dump
Performing export of tables...
EXPDP Starting SYS . TSPITR_EXP_fcsj_pkfh :
EXPDP Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA
EXPDP Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS
EXPDP Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS
EXPDP Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/MARKER
EXPDP Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE
EXPDP Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX
EXPDP . . exported HR . T_EMP 17.08 KB 107 rows
EXPDP Master table SYS . TSPITR_EXP_fcsj_pkfh successfully loaded/unloaded
EXPDP ******************************************************************************
EXPDP Dump file set for SYS.TSPITR_EXP_fcsj_pkfh is:
EXPDP /ora_xtts/dump/t_emp.dmp
EXPDP Job SYS . TSPITR_EXP_fcsj_pkfh successfully completed at Wed Jan 10 03:15:08 2018 elapsed 0 00:00:32
Export completed
Not performing table import after point-in-time recovery
Removing automatic instance
shutting down automatic instance
Oracle instance shut down
Automatic instance removed
auxiliary instance file /ora_xtts/recover/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_tempts1_f5b4zhf9_.tmp deleted
auxiliary instance file /ora_xtts/recover/FCSJ_PITR_ORCL/onlinelog/o1_mf_3_f5b53yp4_.log deleted
auxiliary instance file /ora_xtts/recover/FCSJ_PITR_ORCL/onlinelog/o1_mf_2_f5b53yol_.log deleted
auxiliary instance file /ora_xtts/recover/FCSJ_PITR_ORCL/onlinelog/o1_mf_1_f5b53ynw_.log deleted
auxiliary instance file /ora_xtts/recover/FCSJ_PITR_ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_users_f5b51h8p_.dbf deleted
auxiliary instance file /ora_xtts/recover/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_f5b4xwwj_.dbf deleted
auxiliary instance file /ora_xtts/recover/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_f5b4xwx2_.dbf deleted
auxiliary instance file /ora_xtts/recover/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_system_f5b4xwvo_.dbf deleted
auxiliary instance file /ora_xtts/recover/ORCL/controlfile/o1_mf_f5b4xmpo_.ctl deleted
Finished recover at 10-JAN-18如果會使用 remap table 子句將 hr.t_emp 恢復成 jy.t_emp_recvr。使用 remap tablespace 子句將表 t_emp 從 users 表空間恢復到 usertbs 表空間。那么可以執行下面的命令來進行恢復就不需要執行步驟 5
RMAN run
2 {
3 recover table hr.t_emp
4 until scn 399411
5 auxiliary destination /ora_xtts/recover
6 datapump destination /ora_xtts/dump
7 dump file t_emp_recvr.dmp
8 remap table HR . T_EMP : JY . T_EMP_NEW
9 remap tablespace USERS : USERTBS
10 }
Starting recover at 10-JAN-18
current log archived
using channel ORA_DISK_1
RMAN-05026: warning: presuming following set of tablespaces applies to specified point-in-time
List of tablespaces expected to have UNDO segments
Tablespace SYSTEM
Tablespace UNDOTBS1
Creating automatic instance, with SID= jzdF
initialization parameters used for automatic instance:
db_name=ORCL
db_unique_name=jzdF_pitr_ORCL
compatible=12.2.0
db_block_size=8192
db_files=200
diagnostic_dest=/u01/app/oracle
_system_trig_enabled=FALSE
sga_target=1024M
processes=120
db_create_file_dest=/ora_xtts/recover
log_archive_dest_1= location=/ora_xtts/recover
#No auxiliary parameter file used
Variable Size 293602616 bytes
Database Buffers 763363328 bytes
Redo Buffers 8146944 bytes
Automatic instance created
contents of Memory Script:
# set requested point in time
set until scn 399411;
# restore the controlfile
restore clone controlfile;
# mount the controlfile
sql clone alter database mount clone database
# archive current online log
sql alter system archive log current
executing Memory Script
executing command: SET until clause
Starting restore at 10-JAN-18
allocated channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: SID=6 device type=DISK
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring control file
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: reading from backup piece +DATA/backup/c-1492772871-20180110-02
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: piece handle=+DATA/backup/c-1492772871-20180110-02 tag=TAG20180110T200959
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:04
output file name=/ora_xtts/recover/ORCL/controlfile/o1_mf_f5d2402v_.ctl
Finished restore at 10-JAN-18
sql statement: alter database mount clone database
sql statement: alter system archive log current
contents of Memory Script:
# set requested point in time
set until scn 399411;
# set destinations for recovery set and auxiliary set datafiles
set newname for clone datafile 1 to new;
set newname for clone datafile 3 to new;
set newname for clone datafile 2 to new;
set newname for clone tempfile 1 to new;
# switch all tempfiles
switch clone tempfile all;
# restore the tablespaces in the recovery set and the auxiliary set
restore clone datafile 1, 3, 2;
switch clone datafile all;
executing Memory Script
executing command: SET until clause
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
renamed tempfile 1 to /ora_xtts/recover/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_tempts1_%u_.tmp in control file
Starting restore at 10-JAN-18
using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00001 to /ora_xtts/recover/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_system_%u_.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00003 to /ora_xtts/recover/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_%u_.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00002 to /ora_xtts/recover/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_%u_.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: reading from backup piece +DATA/backup/orcl_1492772871_26sobn77_1_1_965074151
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: piece handle=+DATA/backup/orcl_1492772871_26sobn77_1_1_965074151 tag=TAG20180110T200911
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:45
Finished restore at 10-JAN-18
datafile 1 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=4 STAMP=965075765 file name=/ora_xtts/recover/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_system_f5d248q8_.dbf
datafile 3 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=5 STAMP=965075766 file name=/ora_xtts/recover/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_f5d248r7_.dbf
datafile 2 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=6 STAMP=965075766 file name=/ora_xtts/recover/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_f5d248qv_.dbf
contents of Memory Script:
# set requested point in time
set until scn 399411;
# online the datafiles restored or switched
sql clone alter database datafile 1 online
sql clone alter database datafile 3 online
sql clone alter database datafile 2 online
# recover and open database read only
recover clone database tablespace SYSTEM , UNDOTBS1 , SYSAUX
sql clone alter database open read only
executing Memory Script
executing command: SET until clause
sql statement: alter database datafile 1 online
sql statement: alter database datafile 3 online
sql statement: alter database datafile 2 online
Starting recover at 10-JAN-18
using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1
starting media recovery
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 24 is already on disk as file +DATA/arch/orcl/1_24_964992135.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 25 is already on disk as file +DATA/arch/orcl/1_25_964992135.dbf
archived log file name=+DATA/arch/orcl/1_24_964992135.dbf thread=1 sequence=24
archived log file name=+DATA/arch/orcl/1_25_964992135.dbf thread=1 sequence=25
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished recover at 10-JAN-18
sql statement: alter database open read only
contents of Memory Script:
sql clone create spfile from memory
shutdown clone immediate;
startup clone nomount;
sql clone alter system set control_files =
/ora_xtts/recover/ORCL/controlfile/o1_mf_f5d2402v_.ctl comment=
RMAN set scope=spfile
shutdown clone immediate;
startup clone nomount;
# mount database
sql clone alter database mount clone database
executing Memory Script
sql statement: create spfile from memory
database closed
database dismounted
Oracle instance shut down
connected to auxiliary database (not started)
Oracle instance started
Total System Global Area 1073741824 bytes
Fixed Size 8628936 bytes
Variable Size 293602616 bytes
Database Buffers 763363328 bytes
Redo Buffers 8146944 bytes
sql statement: alter system set control_files = /ora_xtts/recover/ORCL/controlfile/o1_mf_f5d2402v_.ctl comment= RMAN set scope=spfile
Oracle instance shut down
connected to auxiliary database (not started)
Oracle instance started
Total System Global Area 1073741824 bytes
Fixed Size 8628936 bytes
Variable Size 293602616 bytes
Database Buffers 763363328 bytes
Redo Buffers 8146944 bytes
sql statement: alter database mount clone database
contents of Memory Script:
# set requested point in time
set until scn 399411;
# set destinations for recovery set and auxiliary set datafiles
set newname for datafile 4 to new;
# restore the tablespaces in the recovery set and the auxiliary set
restore clone datafile 4;
switch clone datafile all;
executing Memory Script
executing command: SET until clause
executing command: SET NEWNAME
Starting restore at 10-JAN-18
allocated channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: SID=7 device type=DISK
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00004 to /ora_xtts/recover/JZDF_PITR_ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_users_%u_.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: reading from backup piece +DATA/backup/orcl_1492772871_26sobn77_1_1_965074151
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: piece handle=+DATA/backup/orcl_1492772871_26sobn77_1_1_965074151 tag=TAG20180110T200911
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:55
Finished restore at 10-JAN-18
datafile 4 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=8 STAMP=965075892 file name=/ora_xtts/recover/JZDF_PITR_ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_users_f5d27wvd_.dbf
contents of Memory Script:
# set requested point in time
set until scn 399411;
# online the datafiles restored or switched
sql clone alter database datafile 4 online
# recover and open resetlogs
recover clone database tablespace USERS , SYSTEM , UNDOTBS1 , SYSAUX delete archivelog;
alter clone database open resetlogs;
executing Memory Script
executing command: SET until clause
sql statement: alter database datafile 4 online
Starting recover at 10-JAN-18
using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1
starting media recovery
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 24 is already on disk as file +DATA/arch/orcl/1_24_964992135.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 25 is already on disk as file +DATA/arch/orcl/1_25_964992135.dbf
archived log file name=+DATA/arch/orcl/1_24_964992135.dbf thread=1 sequence=24
archived log file name=+DATA/arch/orcl/1_25_964992135.dbf thread=1 sequence=25
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:00
Finished recover at 10-JAN-18
database opened
contents of Memory Script:
# create directory for datapump import
sql create or replace directory TSPITR_DIROBJ_DPDIR as
/ora_xtts/dump
# create directory for datapump export
sql clone create or replace directory TSPITR_DIROBJ_DPDIR as
/ora_xtts/dump
executing Memory Script
sql statement: create or replace directory TSPITR_DIROBJ_DPDIR as /ora_xtts/dump
sql statement: create or replace directory TSPITR_DIROBJ_DPDIR as /ora_xtts/dump
Performing export of tables...
EXPDP Starting SYS . TSPITR_EXP_jzdF_fxiC :
EXPDP Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA
EXPDP Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS
EXPDP Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/MARKER
EXPDP Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE
EXPDP . . exported HR . T_EMP 17.08 KB 107 rows
EXPDP Master table SYS . TSPITR_EXP_jzdF_fxiC successfully loaded/unloaded
EXPDP ******************************************************************************
EXPDP Dump file set for SYS.TSPITR_EXP_jzdF_fxiC is:
EXPDP /ora_xtts/dump/t_emp_recvr.dmp
EXPDP Job SYS . TSPITR_EXP_jzdF_fxiC successfully completed at Wed Jan 10 20:39:09 2018 elapsed 0 00:00:32
Export completed
Performing import of tables...
IMPDP Master table SYS . TSPITR_IMP_jzdF_BDce successfully loaded/unloaded
IMPDP Starting SYS . TSPITR_IMP_jzdF_BDce :
IMPDP Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE
IMPDP Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA
IMPDP . . imported JY . T_EMP_NEW 17.08 KB 107 rows
IMPDP Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS
IMPDP Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/MARKER
IMPDP Job SYS . TSPITR_IMP_jzdF_BDce successfully completed at Wed Jan 10 20:39:47 2018 elapsed 0 00:00:31
Import completed
Automatic instance removed
auxiliary instance file /ora_xtts/recover/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_tempts1_f5d25tp8_.tmp deleted
auxiliary instance file /ora_xtts/recover/JZDF_PITR_ORCL/onlinelog/o1_mf_3_f5d29sj0_.log deleted
auxiliary instance file /ora_xtts/recover/JZDF_PITR_ORCL/onlinelog/o1_mf_2_f5d29shf_.log deleted
auxiliary instance file /ora_xtts/recover/JZDF_PITR_ORCL/onlinelog/o1_mf_1_f5d29sgs_.log deleted
auxiliary instance file /ora_xtts/recover/JZDF_PITR_ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_users_f5d27wvd_.dbf deleted
auxiliary instance file /ora_xtts/recover/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_f5d248qv_.dbf deleted
auxiliary instance file /ora_xtts/recover/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_f5d248r7_.dbf deleted
auxiliary instance file /ora_xtts/recover/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_system_f5d248q8_.dbf deleted
auxiliary instance file /ora_xtts/recover/ORCL/controlfile/o1_mf_f5d2402v_.ctl deleted
auxiliary instance file t_emp_recvr.dmp deleted
Finished recover at 10-JAN-185. 通過 t_emp.dmp 文件將表 t_emp 中的數據導入
[oracle@jytest3 dump]$ impdp hr/hr@orcl dumpfile=dump_dir:t_emp.dmp
Import: Release 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jan 10 03:23:34 2018
Copyright (c) 1982, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
Master table HR . SYS_IMPORT_FULL_01 successfully loaded/unloaded
Starting HR . SYS_IMPORT_FULL_01 : hr/********@orcl dumpfile=dump_dir:t_emp.dmp
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE
ORA-39151: Table HR . T_EMP exists. All dependent metadata and data will be skipped due to table_exists_action of skip
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/MARKER
Job HR . SYS_IMPORT_FULL_01 completed with 1 error(s) at Wed Jan 10 03:23:51 2018 elapsed 0 00:00:10報錯是因為表 t_emp 已經存在，impdp 的缺省操作就是跳過對這張表進行導入操作，所以需要使用選項 table_exists_action=truncate 來進行導入。
[oracle@jytest3 dump]$ impdp hr/hr@orcl dumpfile=dump_dir:t_emp.dmp table_exists_action=truncate
Import: Release 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jan 10 03:29:10 2018
Copyright (c) 1982, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
Master table HR . SYS_IMPORT_FULL_01 successfully loaded/unloaded
Starting HR . SYS_IMPORT_FULL_01 : hr/********@orcl dumpfile=dump_dir:t_emp.dmp table_exists_action=truncate
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE
Table HR . T_EMP exists and has been truncated. Data will be loaded but all dependent metadata will be skipped due to table_exists_action of truncate
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA
. . imported HR . T_EMP 17.08 KB 107 rows
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/MARKER
Job HR . SYS_IMPORT_FULL_01 successfully completed at Wed Jan 10 03:29:30 2018 elapsed 0 00:00:186. 驗證表 t_emp 中的記錄，可以看到已經成功恢復到被刪了記錄之前的狀態。
SQL select count(*) from t_emp;
COUNT(*)
----------
107以上是“Oracle 12c 如何使用 RMAN 備份對 Non-CDB 中的表按時間點進行恢復”這篇文章的所有內容，感謝各位的閱讀！相信大家都有了一定的了解，希望分享的內容對大家有所幫助，如果還想學習更多知識，歡迎關注丸趣 TV 行業資訊頻道！
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