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這篇文章給大家分享的是有關如何使用 RMAN 對 CDB 執行按時間點恢復的內容。丸趣 TV 小編覺得挺實用的，因此分享給大家做個參考，一起跟隨丸趣 TV 小編過來看看吧。
使用 RMAN 對 CDB 和 PDB 執行按時間點恢復
RMAN 能夠對 CDB 與 PDB 執行按時間點恢復操作。但是 PDB 只能使用 RMAN 來執行按時間點恢復。如是沒有使用恢復目錄數據庫，建議啟用自動控制文件備份。否則當對 PDB 執行按時間點恢復時，當 RMAN 需要增加與刪除 undo 數據文件時不能有效的執行。
PDB 按時間點恢復與快速恢復區
當對 PDB 執行數據庫按時間點恢復時，對于這個 PDB 所有的數據文件都將被執行恢復操作。然而，為了將 PDB 恢復到指定的時間點，RMAN 在恢復目標時間點也是需要有 UNDO 表空間存在的。因為 undo 表空間是被所有 PDB 所共享的，它不能被恢復。RMAN 會將 root 中的 undo,system 與 sysaux 表空間還原到輔助實例中，然后使用 undo 信息來將 pdb 恢復到指定的時間點。如果配置了快速恢復區，Oracle 將會使用它作為輔助實例的存儲目錄。如果快速恢復區沒有被配置，那么必須使用 auxiliary destination 子句來指定輔助實例數據庫文件的存儲目錄。確保在快速恢復區有足夠的空間可以用來還原 root 表空間與 undo 表空間。如果快速恢復區沒有足夠的空間，可以通過使用 auxiliary destination 子句來指定其它的目錄。
對 CDB 執行數據庫按時間點恢復
1. 登錄數據庫記錄當前 SCN 號，然后將表 t1 中的數據刪除。
SQL conn jy/jy@jypdb
Connected.
SQL SELECT CURRENT_SCN FROM V$DATABASE;
CURRENT_SCN
-----------
6041183
SQL alter session set nls_date_format= yyyy-mm-dd hh34:mi:ss
Session altered.
SQL select sysdate from dual;
SYSDATE
-------------------
2017-12-18 18:28:30
SQL select count(*) from t1;
COUNT(*)
----------
39
SQL truncate table t1;
Table truncated.
SQL select count(*) from t1;
COUNT(*)
----------
02. 如果使用時間表達式來代替目標 SCN，那么在調用 RMAN 之前設置時間格式環境變量
[oracle@jytest1 ~]$ export NLS_DATE_FORMAT= yyyy-mm-dd hh34:mi:ss3. 使用 RMAN 連接到 root 容器
[oracle@jytest1 ~]$ rman target/ catalog rco/abcd@jypdb_173
Recovery Manager: Release 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on Mon Dec 18 18:32:00 2017
Copyright (c) 1982, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: JY (DBID=979425723)
connected to recovery catalog database4. 將 CDB 重啟到 mount 狀態
RMAN shutdown immediate
starting full resync of recovery catalog
full resync complete
database closed
database dismounted
Oracle instance shut down
RMAN startup mount
connected to target database (not started)
Oracle instance started
database mounted
Total System Global Area 6442450944 bytes
Fixed Size 8807168 bytes
Variable Size 1895828736 bytes
Database Buffers 4529848320 bytes
Redo Buffers 7966720 bytes
starting full resync of recovery catalog
full resync complete5. 使用 RUN 塊來執行以下操作
a. 對于數據庫按時間點鶋，使用 set until 來指定恢復的目標時間，scn 或日志序列號，或者使用 set to 來指定還原點。如果指定時間那么使用環境變量 nls_lang 與 nls_date_format 中所指定的日期格式。
b. 如果 RMAN 沒有配置自動通道，那么需要手動分配磁盤與磁帶通道。
c. 還原與恢復 CDB
下面的命令將 CDB 恢復到 SCN=6041183 所在的狀態
RMAN run
2 {
3 set until scn 6041183;
4 restore database;
5 recover database;
6 }
executing command: SET until clause
Starting restore at 2017-12-18 18:46:50
flashing back control file to SCN 6041183
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=764 instance=jy1 device type=DISK
skipping datafile 5; already restored to file +DATA/JY/5F9AA264B21F3ED9E053AB828A0A6088/DATAFILE/system.256.962209675
skipping datafile 6; already restored to file +DATA/JY/5F9AA264B21F3ED9E053AB828A0A6088/DATAFILE/sysaux.270.962209675
skipping datafile 8; already restored to file +DATA/JY/5F9AA264B21F3ED9E053AB828A0A6088/DATAFILE/undotbs1.296.962209675
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00001 to +DATA/JY/DATAFILE/system.317.962209603
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00003 to +DATA/JY/DATAFILE/sysaux.298.962209605
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00004 to +DATA/JY/DATAFILE/undotbs1.277.962209605
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00007 to +DATA/JY/DATAFILE/users.301.962209605
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00009 to +DATA/JY/DATAFILE/undotbs2.312.962209605
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece +TEST/rman_backup/jy_979425723_962563410_10slv3ai_1_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=+TEST/rman_backup/jy_979425723_962563410_10slv3ai_1_1 tag=TAG20171212T184328
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:01:05
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00010 to +DATA/JY/5F9AC6865E87549FE053AB828A0ADE94/DATAFILE/system.271.962209649
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00011 to +DATA/JY/5F9AC6865E87549FE053AB828A0ADE94/DATAFILE/sysaux.316.962209649
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00012 to +DATA/JY/5F9AC6865E87549FE053AB828A0ADE94/DATAFILE/undotbs1.264.962209649
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00013 to +DATA/JY/5F9AC6865E87549FE053AB828A0ADE94/DATAFILE/undo_2.268.962209649
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00014 to +DATA/JY/5F9AC6865E87549FE053AB828A0ADE94/DATAFILE/users.278.962209649
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00015 to +DATA/JY/5F9AC6865E87549FE053AB828A0ADE94/DATAFILE/test.275.962210609
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece +TEST/rman_backup/jy_979425723_962563516_11slv3ds_1_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=+TEST/rman_backup/jy_979425723_962563516_11slv3ds_1_1 tag=TAG20171212T184328
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:35
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00016 to +DATA/JY/600D6F56DEB669CCE053AB828A0AAB7E/DATAFILE/system.260.962469409
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00017 to +DATA/JY/600D6F56DEB669CCE053AB828A0AAB7E/DATAFILE/sysaux.259.962469409
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00018 to +DATA/JY/600D6F56DEB669CCE053AB828A0AAB7E/DATAFILE/undotbs1.265.962469409
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00019 to +DATA/JY/600D6F56DEB669CCE053AB828A0AAB7E/DATAFILE/undo_2.266.962469409
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00020 to +DATA/JY/600D6F56DEB669CCE053AB828A0AAB7E/DATAFILE/users.267.962469409
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00021 to +DATA/JY/600D6F56DEB669CCE053AB828A0AAB7E/DATAFILE/test.269.962469409
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece +TEST/rman_backup/jy_979425723_962563551_12slv3ev_1_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=+TEST/rman_backup/jy_979425723_962563551_12slv3ev_1_1 tag=TAG20171212T184328
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:35
Finished restore at 2017-12-18 18:49:09
Starting recover at 2017-12-18 18:49:11
using channel ORA_DISK_1
applied offline range to datafile 00010
offline range RECID=80 STAMP=963072332
applied offline range to datafile 00011
offline range RECID=79 STAMP=963072332
applied offline range to datafile 00012
offline range RECID=78 STAMP=963072332
applied offline range to datafile 00013
offline range RECID=77 STAMP=963072332
applied offline range to datafile 00014
offline range RECID=76 STAMP=963072332
applied offline range to datafile 00015
offline range RECID=75 STAMP=963072332
applied offline range to datafile 00016
offline range RECID=86 STAMP=963072332
applied offline range to datafile 00017
offline range RECID=85 STAMP=963072332
applied offline range to datafile 00018
offline range RECID=84 STAMP=963072332
applied offline range to datafile 00019
offline range RECID=83 STAMP=963072332
applied offline range to datafile 00020
offline range RECID=82 STAMP=963072332
applied offline range to datafile 00021
offline range RECID=81 STAMP=963072332
starting media recovery
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 34 is already on disk as file +TEST/arch/1_34_961976319.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 35 is already on disk as file +TEST/arch/1_35_961976319.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 36 is already on disk as file +TEST/arch/1_36_961976319.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 37 is already on disk as file +TEST/arch/1_37_961976319.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 38 is already on disk as file +TEST/arch/1_38_961976319.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 39 is already on disk as file +TEST/arch/1_39_961976319.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 40 is already on disk as file +TEST/arch/1_40_961976319.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 41 is already on disk as file +TEST/arch/1_41_961976319.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 42 is already on disk as file +TEST/arch/1_42_961976319.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 43 is already on disk as file +TEST/arch/1_43_961976319.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 44 is already on disk as file +TEST/arch/1_44_961976319.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 45 is already on disk as file +TEST/arch/1_45_961976319.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 46 is already on disk as file +TEST/arch/1_46_961976319.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 47 is already on disk as file +TEST/arch/1_47_961976319.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 48 is already on disk as file +TEST/arch/1_48_961976319.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 49 is already on disk as file +TEST/arch/1_49_961976319.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 50 is already on disk as file +TEST/arch/1_50_961976319.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 51 is already on disk as file +TEST/arch/1_51_961976319.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 52 is already on disk as file +DATA/JY/ONLINELOG/group_2.302.961976321
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 53 is already on disk as file +DATA/JY/ONLINELOG/group_1.261.961976319
archived log for thread 2 with sequence 28 is already on disk as file +TEST/arch/2_28_961976319.dbf
archived log for thread 2 with sequence 29 is already on disk as file +TEST/arch/2_29_961976319.dbf
archived log for thread 2 with sequence 30 is already on disk as file +TEST/arch/2_30_961976319.dbf
archived log for thread 2 with sequence 31 is already on disk as file +TEST/arch/2_31_961976319.dbf
archived log for thread 2 with sequence 32 is already on disk as file +TEST/arch/2_32_961976319.dbf
archived log for thread 2 with sequence 33 is already on disk as file +TEST/arch/2_33_961976319.dbf
archived log for thread 2 with sequence 34 is already on disk as file +TEST/arch/2_34_961976319.dbf
archived log for thread 2 with sequence 35 is already on disk as file +TEST/arch/2_35_961976319.dbf
archived log for thread 2 with sequence 36 is already on disk as file +TEST/arch/2_36_961976319.dbf
archived log for thread 2 with sequence 37 is already on disk as file +TEST/arch/2_37_961976319.dbf
archived log for thread 2 with sequence 38 is already on disk as file +TEST/arch/2_38_961976319.dbf
archived log for thread 2 with sequence 39 is already on disk as file +TEST/arch/2_39_961976319.dbf
archived log for thread 2 with sequence 40 is already on disk as file +TEST/arch/2_40_961976319.dbf
archived log for thread 2 with sequence 41 is already on disk as file +TEST/arch/2_41_961976319.dbf
archived log for thread 2 with sequence 42 is already on disk as file +TEST/arch/2_42_961976319.dbf
archived log for thread 2 with sequence 43 is already on disk as file +TEST/arch/2_43_961976319.dbf
archived log for thread 2 with sequence 44 is already on disk as file +TEST/arch/2_44_961976319.dbf
archived log for thread 2 with sequence 45 is already on disk as file +TEST/arch/2_45_961976319.dbf
archived log for thread 2 with sequence 46 is already on disk as file +TEST/arch/2_46_961976319.dbf
archived log for thread 2 with sequence 47 is already on disk as file +TEST/arch/2_47_961976319.dbf
archived log for thread 2 with sequence 48 is already on disk as file +TEST/arch/2_48_961976319.dbf
archived log for thread 2 with sequence 49 is already on disk as file +TEST/arch/2_49_961976319.dbf
archived log for thread 2 with sequence 50 is already on disk as file +TEST/arch/2_50_961976319.dbf
archived log for thread 2 with sequence 51 is already on disk as file +TEST/arch/2_51_961976319.dbf
archived log for thread 2 with sequence 52 is already on disk as file +DATA/JY/ONLINELOG/group_4.262.961976705
archived log for thread 2 with sequence 53 is already on disk as file +DATA/JY/ONLINELOG/group_3.263.961976697
archived log file name=+TEST/arch/1_34_961976319.dbf thread=1 sequence=34
archived log file name=+TEST/arch/2_28_961976319.dbf thread=2 sequence=28
archived log file name=+TEST/arch/1_35_961976319.dbf thread=1 sequence=35
archived log file name=+TEST/arch/2_29_961976319.dbf thread=2 sequence=29
archived log file name=+TEST/arch/1_36_961976319.dbf thread=1 sequence=36
archived log file name=+TEST/arch/2_30_961976319.dbf thread=2 sequence=30
archived log file name=+TEST/arch/2_31_961976319.dbf thread=2 sequence=31
archived log file name=+TEST/arch/1_37_961976319.dbf thread=1 sequence=37
archived log file name=+TEST/arch/2_32_961976319.dbf thread=2 sequence=32
archived log file name=+TEST/arch/1_38_961976319.dbf thread=1 sequence=38
archived log file name=+TEST/arch/2_33_961976319.dbf thread=2 sequence=33
archived log file name=+TEST/arch/1_39_961976319.dbf thread=1 sequence=39
archived log file name=+TEST/arch/2_34_961976319.dbf thread=2 sequence=34
archived log file name=+TEST/arch/1_40_961976319.dbf thread=1 sequence=40
archived log file name=+TEST/arch/2_35_961976319.dbf thread=2 sequence=35
archived log file name=+TEST/arch/1_41_961976319.dbf thread=1 sequence=41
archived log file name=+TEST/arch/2_36_961976319.dbf thread=2 sequence=36
archived log file name=+TEST/arch/1_42_961976319.dbf thread=1 sequence=42
archived log file name=+TEST/arch/2_37_961976319.dbf thread=2 sequence=37
archived log file name=+TEST/arch/2_38_961976319.dbf thread=2 sequence=38
archived log file name=+TEST/arch/1_43_961976319.dbf thread=1 sequence=43
archived log file name=+TEST/arch/2_39_961976319.dbf thread=2 sequence=39
archived log file name=+TEST/arch/1_44_961976319.dbf thread=1 sequence=44
archived log file name=+TEST/arch/2_40_961976319.dbf thread=2 sequence=40
archived log file name=+TEST/arch/1_45_961976319.dbf thread=1 sequence=45
archived log file name=+TEST/arch/2_41_961976319.dbf thread=2 sequence=41
archived log file name=+TEST/arch/1_46_961976319.dbf thread=1 sequence=46
archived log file name=+TEST/arch/2_42_961976319.dbf thread=2 sequence=42
archived log file name=+TEST/arch/2_43_961976319.dbf thread=2 sequence=43
archived log file name=+TEST/arch/1_47_961976319.dbf thread=1 sequence=47
archived log file name=+TEST/arch/2_44_961976319.dbf thread=2 sequence=44
archived log file name=+TEST/arch/2_45_961976319.dbf thread=2 sequence=45
archived log file name=+TEST/arch/1_48_961976319.dbf thread=1 sequence=48
archived log file name=+TEST/arch/2_46_961976319.dbf thread=2 sequence=46
archived log file name=+TEST/arch/1_49_961976319.dbf thread=1 sequence=49
archived log file name=+TEST/arch/2_47_961976319.dbf thread=2 sequence=47
archived log file name=+TEST/arch/2_48_961976319.dbf thread=2 sequence=48
archived log file name=+TEST/arch/1_50_961976319.dbf thread=1 sequence=50
archived log file name=+TEST/arch/2_49_961976319.dbf thread=2 sequence=49
archived log file name=+TEST/arch/1_51_961976319.dbf thread=1 sequence=51
archived log file name=+TEST/arch/2_50_961976319.dbf thread=2 sequence=50
archived log file name=+TEST/arch/2_51_961976319.dbf thread=2 sequence=51
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:08:44
Finished recover at 2017-12-18 18:58:026. 執行以下互斥操作
. 以讀寫方式打開 CDB，放棄目標 SCN 之后的所有改變。在這種情況下，你必須將 CDB 重啟到 mount 狀態后，然后執行以下命令
alter database open resetlogs. 使用 Data Pump 導出 CDB 中你所需要的對象。然后將 CDB 恢復到當前時間點并重新導入對象，因此可以將需要的對象進行恢復而不用放棄所有其它對象所發生的改變。
RMAN alter database open read only;
Statement processed
connected to target database (not started)
Oracle instance started
database mounted
Total System Global Area 6442450944 bytes
Fixed Size 8807168 bytes
Variable Size 1895828736 bytes
Database Buffers 4529848320 bytes
Redo Buffers 7966720 bytes
RMAN recover database;
Starting recover at 2017-12-18 22:26:55
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=10 instance=jy1 device type=DISK
starting media recovery
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:05
Finished recover at 2017-12-18 22:27:05
RMAN alter database open;
Statement processed
starting full resync of recovery catalog
full resync complete
RMAN alter pluggable database all open read write;
Statement processed
starting full resync of recovery catalog
full resync complete感謝各位的閱讀！關于“如何使用 RMAN 對 CDB 執行按時間點恢復”這篇文章就分享到這里了，希望以上內容可以對大家有一定的幫助，讓大家可以學到更多知識，如果覺得文章不錯，可以把它分享出去讓更多的人看到吧！
正文完
