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本篇內容主要講解“怎么用 MySQL+Keepalived+haproxy 實現負載均衡”,感興趣的朋友不妨來看看。本文介紹的方法操作簡單快捷,實用性強。下面就讓丸趣 TV 小編來帶大家學習“怎么用 MySQL+Keepalived+haproxy 實現負載均衡”吧!
數據庫環境:
slave2:192.168.8.59
slave3:192.168.8.61
工具包:
keepalived-1.4.5.tar.gz
haproxy-1.8.9.tar.gz
此次實驗中,slave2 和 slave3 利用 keepalived 和 haproxy 實現負載均衡,本文著重講解負載均衡的搭建過程。
一、修改內核參數
echo net.ipv4.ip_nonlocal_bind=1 /etc/sysctl.conf
echo net.ipv4.ip_forward=1 /etc/sysctl.conf
sysctl -p
net.ipv4.ip_nonlocal_bind=1 意思是啟動 haproxy 的時候,允許忽視 VIP 的存在
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1 haproxy 代理服務器同時也要打開內核的轉發功能
二、安裝 keepalived 和 haproxy
mount /dev/cdrom /media
yum install kernel-devel openssl-devel popt-devel -y
cd /software
tar zxvf keepalived-1.4.5.tar.gz
cd keepalived-1.4.5
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived/
make make install
systemctl enable keepalived
vi /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived
KEEPALIVED_OPTIONS= -D -d -S 0
vi /etc/rsyslog.conf
local0.* /var/log/keepalived.log
systemctl restart rsyslog
cd /software
tar zxvf haproxy-1.8.9.tar.gz
cd haproxy-1.8.9
make TARGET=linux2628 PREFIX=/usr/local/haproxy
make install PREFIX=/usr/local/haproxy
/usr/local/haproxy/sbin/haproxy -v
useradd -r -s /sbin/nologin haproxy
touch /var/log/haproxy.log
chmod 755 /var/log/haproxy.log
修改日志位置
vi /etc/rsyslog.conf
local0.* /var/log/haproxy.log
vi /etc/sysconfig/rsyslog
SYSLOGD_OPTIONS= -r -m 0 -c 2
systemctl restart rsyslog
三、配置 keepalived
192.168.8.59
/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
router_id mysql-slave
notification_email {
zdd5503@163.com
notification_email_from zdd5503@163.com
smtp_server stmp.163.com
smtp_connect_timeout 30
vrrp_script chk_haproxy {
script /etc/keepalived/scripts/check_haproxy.sh
interval 2
weight 2
vrrp_instance v_mysql_slave_zdd01 {
interface enp0s3
state MASTER
virtual_router_id 98
priority 200
nopreempt
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.8.98/24
track_script {
chk_haproxy
notify_master /etc/keepalived/scripts/haproxy_master.sh
notify_backup /etc/keepalived/scripts/haproxy_backup.sh
notify_fault /etc/keepalived/scripts/haproxy_fault.sh
notify_stop /etc/keepalived/scripts/haproxy_stop.sh
}
192.168.8.61
/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
router_id mysql-slave
notification_email {
zdd5503@163.com
notification_email_from zdd5503@163.com
smtp_server stmp.163.com
smtp_connect_timeout 30
vrrp_script chk_haproxy {
script /etc/keepalived/scripts/check_haproxy.sh
interval 2
weight 2
vrrp_instance v_mysql_slave_zdd01 {
interface enp0s3
state BACKUP
virtual_router_id 98
priority 150
nopreempt
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.8.98/24
track_script {
chk_haproxy
notify_master /etc/keepalived/scripts/haproxy_master.sh
notify_backup /etc/keepalived/scripts/haproxy_backup.sh
notify_fault /etc/keepalived/scripts/haproxy_fault.sh
notify_stop /etc/keepalived/scripts/haproxy_stop.sh
}
四、配置 haproxy
192.168.8.59 和 192.168.8.61 都做如下腳本配置:
mkdir -p /etc/keepalived/scripts
vi /etc/keepalived/scripts/check_haproxy.sh
#!/bin/bash
STARTHAPROXY= /usr/local/haproxy/sbin/haproxy -f /usr/local/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
#STOPKEEPALIVED= systemctl stop keepalived
LOGFILE= /etc/keepalived/scripts/keepalived-haproxy-state.log
echo [check_haproxy status] $LOGFILE
A=`ps -C haproxy --no-header |wc -l`
echo [check_haproxy status] $LOGFILE
date $LOGFILE
if [ $A -eq 0 ];then
echo $STARTHAPROXY $LOGFILE
$STARTHAPROXY $LOGFILE 2 1
sleep 5
if [ `ps -C haproxy --no-header |wc -l` -eq 0 ];then
exit 0
exit 1
fi
vi /etc/keepalived/scripts/haproxy_master.sh
#!/bin/bash
STARTHAPROXY=`/usr/local/haproxy/sbin/haproxy -f /usr/local/haproxy/haproxy.cfg`
STOPHAPROXY=`ps -ef |grep sbin/haproxy| grep -v grep|awk {print $2} |xargs kill -s 9`
LOGFILE= /etc/keepalived/scripts/keepalived-haproxy-state.log
echo [master] $LOGFILE
date $LOGFILE
echo Being master.... $LOGFILE 2 1
echo stop haproxy.... $LOGFILE 2 1
$STOPHAPROXY $LOGFILE 2 1
echo start haproxy.... $LOGFILE 2 1
$STARTHAPROXY $LOGFILE 2 1
echo haproxy stared ... $LOGFILE
vi /etc/keepalived/scripts/haproxy_backup.sh
#!/bin/bash
STARTHAPROXY=`/usr/local/haproxy/sbin/haproxy -f /usr/local/haproxy/haproxy.cfg`
STOPHAPROXY=`ps -ef |grep sbin/haproxy| grep -v grep|awk {print $2} |xargs
kill -s 9`
LOGFILE= /etc/keepalived/scripts/keepalived-haproxy-state.log
echo [master] $LOGFILE
date $LOGFILE
echo Being master.... $LOGFILE 2 1
echo stop haproxy.... $LOGFILE 2 1
$STOPHAPROXY $LOGFILE 2 1
echo start haproxy.... $LOGFILE 2 1
$STARTHAPROXY $LOGFILE 2 1
echo haproxy stared ... $LOGFILE
vi /etc/keepalived/scripts/haproxy_fault.sh
#!/bin/bash
LOGFILE=/etc/keepalived/scripts/keepalived-haproxy-state.log
echo [fault] $LOGFILE
date $LOGFILE
vi /etc/keepalived/scripts/haproxy_stop.sh
#!/bin/bash
LOGFILE=/etc/keepalived/scripts/keepalived-haproxy-state.log
echo [stop] $LOGFILE
date $LOGFILE
更改腳本屬性
chmod 755 /etc/keepalived/scripts/*
配置 haproxy
192.168.8.59
vi /usr/local/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
global # 全局配置參數
log 127.0.0.1 local0 notice # 日志
#user haproxy
#group haproxy
daemon # 以后臺形式運行 haproxy
#quiet
nbproc 1 # 進程數量,可以設置多個進程提高性能
pidfile /usr/local/haproxy/haproxy.pid #haproxy 的 pid 存放路徑
defaults # 一些默認參數
log global # 全局日志
retries 3 # 3 次連接失敗就認為服務器不可用
option dontlognull # 保存 haproxy 不記錄上次負載均衡發送過來的用于檢測狀態沒有數據的心跳包
option redispatch # 對應的服務器掛掉后,強制指向到其它正常的服務器
maxconn 2000 # 默認最大連接數
timeout queue 1m # 等待最大時長
timeout http-request 10s # 客戶端建立連接又不請求數據的時候超過 10S,就關閉客戶端連接
timeout connect 10s # 定義 haproxy 將客戶端請求轉發至后端服務器所等待的超時時長
timeout server 1m # 服務端非活動狀態的超時時長
timeout client 1m # 客戶端非活動狀態的超時時長
timeout http-keep-alive 10s # 設置 http-keep-alive 超時時長
timeout check 10s # 健康狀態監測時的超時時間
balance roundrobin # 負載均衡方式,輪詢方式(保持會話 session: 源地址 /cookies, 針對 web 應用服務器)
#定義負載均衡的配置
listen mysql_slave_wgpt_lb1
bind 192.168.8.98:3307 # 綁定的 IP 與端口 (建議 bind *:3306)
mode tcp # 模式是 TCP,(7 層 http,4 層 tcp,如果是 mysql 用 tcp,如果是 weblogic/was/tomcat 之類的就用 http)option mysql-check user haproxy_check # 通過 mysql 連接去檢測 mysql 是否可以訪問
stats hide-version # 隱藏統計頁上的 haproxy 的版本信息
balance roundrobin # 負載均衡方式,輪詢方式
server slave2 192.168.8.59:3306 weight 1 check inter 2000 rise 2 fall 5 maxconn 300
server slave3 192.168.8.61:3306 weight 1 check inter 2000 rise 2 fall 5 maxconn 300
# 服務器定義,check inter 2000 檢測心跳頻率,rise 2 2 次正確認為服務器可用,fall 5 5 次失敗認為服務器不可用, #maxconn 300 最大連接數 300
#自帶的監控服務器的配置
listen haproxy_stats
mode http
bind *:8888
option httplog
stats refresh 5s
stats uri /haproxy-stat
stats realm www.zdd.com monitor
stats realm Haproxy Manager
stats auth haproxy:haproxy
192.168.8.61
vi /usr/local/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
global # 全局配置參數
log 127.0.0.1 local0 notice # 日志
#user haproxy
#group haproxy
daemon # 以后臺形式運行 haproxy
#quiet
nbproc 1 # 進程數量,可以設置多個進程提高性能
pidfile /usr/local/haproxy/haproxy.pid #haproxy 的 pid 存放路徑
defaults # 一些默認參數
log global # 全局日志
retries 3 # 3 次連接失敗就認為服務器不可用
option dontlognull # 保存 haproxy 不記錄上次負載均衡發送過來的用于檢測狀態沒有數據的心跳包
option redispatch # 對應的服務器掛掉后,強制指向到其它正常的服務器
maxconn 2000 # 默認最大連接數
timeout queue 1m # 等待最大時長
timeout http-request 10s # 客戶端建立連接又不請求數據的時候超過 10S,就關閉客戶端連接
timeout connect 10s # 定義 haproxy 將客戶端請求轉發至后端服務器所等待的超時時長
timeout server 1m # 服務端非活動狀態的超時時長
timeout client 1m # 客戶端非活動狀態的超時時長
timeout http-keep-alive 10s # 設置 http-keep-alive 超時時長
timeout check 10s # 健康狀態監測時的超時時間
balance roundrobin # 負載均衡方式,輪詢方式(保持會話 session: 源地址 /cookies, 針對 web 應用服務器)
#定義負載均衡的配置
listen mysql_slave_wgpt_lb1
bind 192.168.8.98:3307 # 綁定的 IP 與端口 (建議 bind *:3306)
mode tcp # 模式是 TCP,(7 層 http,4 層 tcp,如果是 mysql 用 tcp,如果是 weblogic/was/tomcat 之類的就用 http)option mysql-check user haproxy_check # 通過 mysql 連接去檢測 mysql 是否可以訪問
stats hide-version # 隱藏統計頁上的 haproxy 的版本信息
balance roundrobin # 負載均衡方式,輪詢方式
server slave2 192.168.8.59:3306 weight 1 check inter 2000 rise 2 fall 5 maxconn 300
server slave3 192.168.8.61:3306 weight 1 check inter 2000 rise 2 fall 5 maxconn 300
# 服務器定義,check inter 2000 檢測心跳頻率,rise 2 2 次正確認為服務器可用,fall 5 5 次失敗認為服務器不可用, #maxconn 300 最大連接數 300
#自帶的監控服務器的配置
listen haproxy_stats
mode http
bind *:8888
option httplog
stats refresh 5s
stats uri /haproxy-stat
stats realm www.zdd.com monitor
stats realm Haproxy Manager
stats auth haproxy:haproxy
五、添加 haproxy_check 用戶
drop user haproxy_check@ %
create user haproxy_check@ 192.168.8.59
create user haproxy_check@ 192.168.8.61
create user haproxy_check@ 192.168.8.98
grant usage on *.* to haproxy_check@ 192.168.8.59
grant usage on *.* to haproxy_check@ 192.168.8.61
grant usage on *.* to haproxy_check@ 192.168.8.98
mysql select user,host from mysql.user;
+---------------+--------------+
| user | host |
+---------------+--------------+
| repl | 192.168.8.% |
| root | 192.168.8.% |
| haproxy_check | 192.168.8.59 |
| haproxy_check | 192.168.8.61 |
| haproxy_check | 192.168.8.98 |
| mysql.session | localhost |
| mysql.sys | localhost |
| root | localhost |
+---------------+--------------+
六、啟動 keepalived
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable keepalived
systemctl start keepalived
ip a |grep 98
ps -ef |grep keepalived
七、配置 keepalived 監控腳本
兩個節點都做如下配置:
vi /etc/keepalived/keepcheck.sh
#!/bin/bash
while :
keepalivedcheck=`ps -C keepalived --no-header | wc -l`
if [ $keepalivedcheck -eq 0 ];then
systemctl start keepalived
echo keepalived is running
sleep 5
done
chmod +x /etc/keepalived/keepcheck.sh
nohup /etc/keepalived/keepcheck.sh
echo nohup /etc/keepalived/keepcheck.sh /etc/rc.d/rc.local
八、配置 haproxy 啟動腳本
vim /etc/rc.d/init.d/haproxy
#! /bin/sh
set -e
PATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/haproxy/sbin
PROGDIR=/usr/local/haproxy
PROGNAME=haproxy
DAEMON=$PROGDIR/sbin/$PROGNAME
CONFIG=$PROGDIR/$PROGNAME.cfg
PIDFILE=$PROGDIR/$PROGNAME.pid
DESC= HAProxy daemon
SCRIPTNAME=/etc/init.d/$PROGNAME
# Gracefully exit if the package has been removed.
test -x $DAEMON || exit 0
start()
echo -n Starting $DESC: $PROGNAME
$DAEMON -f $CONFIG
echo .
stop()
echo -n Stopping $DESC: $PROGNAME
haproxy_pid=`cat $PIDFILE`
kill -9 $haproxy_pid
echo .
restart()
echo -n Restarting $DESC: $PROGNAME
$DAEMON -f $CONFIG -p $PIDFILE -sf $(cat $PIDFILE)
echo .
case $1 in
start)
start
stop)
restart)
restart
echo Usage: $SCRIPTNAME {start|stop|restart} 2
exit 1
exit 0
chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/haproxy
echo nohup /etc/rc.d/init.d/haproxy start /etc/rc.d/rc.local
systemctl stop keepalived
systemctl start keepalived
tail -f /var/log/keepalived.log
/etc/rc.d/init.d/haproxy start
/etc/rc.d/init.d/haproxy stop
tail -f /var/log/haproxy.log
haproxy 控制臺訪問地址:
http://192.168.8.98:8888/haproxy-stat
九、測試負載均衡
[root@slave3 ~]# mysql -uroot -pmysql -h292.168.8.98 -P3307 -e show variables like server_id
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| server_id | 59 |
+---------------+-------+
[root@slave3 ~]# mysql -uroot -pmysql -h292.168.8.98 -P3307 -e show variables like server_id
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| server_id | 61 |
+---------------+-------+
[root@slave3 ~]# mysql -uroot -pmysql -h292.168.8.98 -P3307 -e show variables like server_id
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| server_id | 59 |
+---------------+-------+
[root@slave3 ~]# mysql -uroot -pmysql -h292.168.8.98 -P3307 -e show variables like server_id
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| server_id | 61 |
+---------------+-------+
[root@slave3 ~]# mysql -uroot -pmysql -h292.168.8.98 -P3307 -e show variables like server_id
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| server_id | 59 |
+---------------+-------+
[root@slave3 ~]# mysql -uroot -pmysql -h292.168.8.98 -P3307 -e show variables like server_id
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| server_id | 61 |
+---------------+-------+
因為我們在 haproxy 配置文件中配置了權重為 1:1,所以會話將交替分發到兩個節點上邊。
到此,相信大家對“怎么用 MySQL+Keepalived+haproxy 實現負載均衡”有了更深的了解,不妨來實際操作一番吧!這里是丸趣 TV 網站,更多相關內容可以進入相關頻道進行查詢,關注我們,繼續學習!