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本篇內容介紹了“怎么用源碼安裝 PostgreSQL”的有關知識，在實際案例的操作過程中，不少人都會遇到這樣的困境，接下來就讓丸趣 TV 小編帶領大家學習一下如何處理這些情況吧！希望大家仔細閱讀，能夠學有所成！
數據庫版本:
PostgreSQL 9.6.3
系統版本：
CentOS release 6.6 (Final)
下載軟件（Download software）：
[root@Darren2 tools]# wget https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v9.6.3/postgresql-9.6.3.tar.gz
查看是否已經安裝 (Check is not instatll)：
[root@Darren2 tools]# ps -ef |grep pgsql
root 28590 18695 0 20:24 pts/0 00:00:00 grep pgsql
[postgres@sht-sgmhadoopdn-02 ~]$ rpm -qa |grep postgres
postgresql-libs-8.4.18-1.el6_4.x86_64
解壓（Extract software）：
[root@Darren2 tools]# tar xf postgresql-9.6.3.tar.gz
編譯和安裝 (Complie)：
[root@Darren2 tools]# cd postgresql-9.6.3
[root@Darren2 postgresql-9.6.3]# ./configure –prefix=/usr/local/pgsql
編譯所有能編譯的東西，包括文檔（HTML 和手冊頁）以及附加模塊（contrib）：
[root@Darren2 postgresql-9.6.3]# make world make install-world
……
make[2]: Leaving directory `/home/tools/postgresql-9.6.3/contrib/vacuumlo
make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/tools/postgresql-9.6.3/contrib
PostgreSQL, contrib, and documentation installation complete.
創建用組和用戶 (Create group and user)
[root@Darren2 ~]# groupadd -g 101 dba
[root@Darren2 ~]# cat /etc/group|grep dba
dba:x:101:
[root@Darren2 ~]# useradd -u 516 -g dba -G root -d /usr/local/pgsql postgres
[root@Darren2 ~]# id postgres
uid=516(postgres) gid=101(dba) groups=101(dba),0(root)
-u UID
-g 初始用戶組
- G 次要用戶組
-m 創建用戶家目錄（系統用戶默認不創建家目錄）
-M 不創建用戶家目錄（普通用戶默認創建家目錄）
-s shell 默認是 /bin/bash
- d 指定家目錄
[root@Darren2 home]# groups postgres
postgres : dba root
配置 postgres 密碼
[root@Darren2 home]# passwd postgres
[root@Darren2 skel]# ls -al /etc/skel/
total 20
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Dec 20 2016 .
drwxr-xr-x. 84 root root 4096 Jul 11 22:27 ..
-rw-r–r–. 1 root root 18 Jul 18 2013 .bash_logout
-rw-r–r–. 1 root root 176 Jul 18 2013 .bash_profile
-rw-r–r–. 1 root root 124 Jul 18 2013 .bashrc
[root@Darren2 skel]# cp /etc/skel/.* /usr/local/pgsql/
創建數據目錄（Create data folder）
[root@Darren2 ~]# mkdir -p /usr/local/pgsql/data
配置.bash_profile(Configure .bash_profile)
[root@Darren2 pgsql]# cat /usr/local/pgsql/.bash_profile
# .bash_profile
# Get the aliases and functions
if [-f ~/.bashrc]; then
. ~/.bashrc
fi
# User specific environment and startup programs
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin
export PGHOME=/usr/local/pgsql
export PGDATA=/usr/local/pgsql/data
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/pgsql/bin
set umask to 022
umask 022
PS1=`uname -n` : $USER : $PWD : export PS1
修改文件權限和所有者（Chmod and chown）
[root@Darren2 pgsql]# chmod -R 755 /usr/local/pgsql
[root@Darren2 pgsql]# chown -R postgres:dba /usr/local/pgsql
[root@Darren2 pgsql]# chmod -R 700 /usr/local/pgsql/data
配置 postgresql 服務啟動和設置自啟動 (Configure postgresql service and boot auto start) – 這步可不做
[root@Darren2 start-scripts]# cp /home/tools/postgresql-9.6.3/contrib/start-scripts/linux /etc/init.d/postgresql
[root@Darren2 start-scripts]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/postgresql
[root@Darren2 start-scripts]# chkconfig –list |grep postgresql
[root@Darren2 start-scripts]# chkconfig –add postgresql
[root@Darren2 start-scripts]# chkconfig –list |grep postgresql
postgresql 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
初始化數據和啟動 (Initialize database and start database)
[root@Darren2 start-scripts]# su – postgres
[postgres@Darren2 start-scripts]$ cd
[postgres@Darren2 ~]$ pwd
/usr/local/pgsql
[postgres@Darren2 ~]$ . .bash_profile
# 初始化生成數據文件
Darren2:postgres:/usr/local/pgsql: /usr/local/pgsql/bin/initdb -D /usr/local/pgsql/data
# 啟動數據庫
Darren2:postgres:/usr/local/pgsql: pg_ctl start
server starting
Darren2:postgres:/usr/local/pgsql: LOG: database system was shut down at 2017-07-12 00:49:17 CST
LOG: MultiXact member wraparound protections are now enabled
LOG: database system is ready to accept connections
LOG: autovacuum launcher started
創建用戶和數據庫 (Create user and database)
psql
psql (9.6.3)
Type help for help.
postgres=# create user admin password admin login;
CREATE ROLE
postgres=# create database testdb with owner=admin;
CREATE DATABASE
Darren2:postgres:/usr/local/pgsql: pg_ctl status
pg_ctl: server is running (PID: 51498)
/usr/local/pgsql/bin/postgres
安裝過程中常見報錯
編譯時候報錯：
[root@Darren2 postgresql-9.6.3]# ./configure –prefix=/usr/local/pgsql –without-zlib
……
configure: error: readline library not found – 提示找不到 readline
If you have readline already installed, see config.log for details on the
failure. It is possible the compiler isn t looking in the proper directory.
Use –without-readline to disable readline support.
查看系統已經安裝 readline：
[root@Darren2 postgresql-9.6.3]# rpm -qa |grep readline
compat-readline5-5.2-17.1.el6.x86_64
readline-6.0-4.el6.x86_64
通過 yum search 可以發現沒有安裝 readline-devel:
[root@Darren2 postgresql-9.6.3]# yum search readline
……
readline-devel.i686 : Files needed to develop programs which use the readline library
readline-devel.x86_64 : Files needed to develop programs which use the readline library
……
通過 yum 安裝之后，在編譯即可通過：
[root@Darren2 postgresql-9.6.3]# yum install -y readline-devel
“怎么用源碼安裝 PostgreSQL”的內容就介紹到這里了，感謝大家的閱讀。如果想了解更多行業相關的知識可以關注丸趣 TV 網站，丸趣 TV 小編將為大家輸出更多高質量的實用文章！
