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這篇文章主要介紹了 Ceph Block Device 塊設備操作的示例分析，具有一定借鑒價值，感興趣的朋友可以參考下，希望大家閱讀完這篇文章之后大有收獲，下面讓丸趣 TV 小編帶著大家一起了解一下。
使用 ceph block device 需要如下三個步驟：
1. 在 ceph 集群的 pool 中創建一個 Block Device image.
2. ceph Client 使用 RBD 設備與 ceph 集群的 Block Device image 進行映射（Map）。
3. ceph Client 的 User Space 便可以掛載 (Mount) 該 RBD 設備。
Step1 創建 Block Device Image
首先，需要新建一個 pool，如果不想新建 pool，可以使用默認 pool，即 rbd。
命令：ceph osd pool create creating_pool_name pg_num
參數：creating_pool_name：要創建的 pool 的名字
pg_num : Placement Group 的個數
# ceph osd pool create testpool 512
pool testpool created
，需要在 ceph 集群中創建一個 Block Device Image。（查看 rbd 的命令，輸入 man rbd 命令）
命令：rbd create –size {MegaBytes} {pool-name}/{image-name}
例如：在名為“testpool”的 pool 中創建“bar”的 Image，容量是 1024MB
# rbd create –size 1024 testpool/bar
查看 Block Device Images
# rbd ls testpool
rbd
以及查看一個 Block Device Images 的詳細信息
# rbd info testpool/bar
rbd image bar :
size 1024 MB in 256 objects
order 22 (4096 kB objects)
block_name_prefix: rbd_data.5e3b248a65f6
format: 2
features: layering
flags:
Step2 ceph Client 使用 RBD 設備與 ceph 集群的 Block Device image 進行映射（Map)
命令：sudo rbd map rbd/myimage –id admin –keyring /path/to/keyring
例如
# sudo rbd map testpool/bar –id admin –keyring /etc/ceph/ceph.client.admin.keyring
dev/rbd0
查看已經映射的 Block Device 信息
# rbd showmapped
id pool image snap device
0 testpool bar – /dev/rbd0
Step3 ceph Client 的 User Space 掛載 (Mount) 該 RBD 設備
首先，使用該 block device 在 client-node 上創建一個文件系統。
# sudo mkfs.ext4 -m0 /dev/rbd/testpool/bar
mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Discarding device blocks: done
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=1024 blocks, Stripe width=1024 blocks
65536 inodes, 262144 blocks
0 blocks (0.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=268435456
8 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376
Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
其次，掛載該文件系統
# sudo mkdir /mnt/ceph-block-device
# sudo mount /dev/rbd/testpool/bar /mnt/ceph-block-device
查看 mount 信息
# mount
…
/dev/rbd0 on /mnt/ceph-block-device type ext4 (rw,relatime,seclabel,stripe=1024,data=ordered)
* Ceph Block Deviced 的其他相關操作
To create a new rbd image that is 100 GB:
rbd create mypool/myimage --size 102400To use a non-default object size (8 MB):
rbd create mypool/myimage --size 102400 --object-size 8MTo delete an rbd image (be careful!):
rbd rm mypool/myimageTo create a new snapshot:
rbd snap create mypool/myimage@mysnapTo create a copy-on-write clone of a protected snapshot:
rbd clone mypool/myimage@mysnap otherpool/cloneimageTo see which clones of a snapshot exist:
rbd children mypool/myimage@mysnapTo delete a snapshot:
rbd snap rm mypool/myimage@mysnapTo map an image via the kernel with cephx enabled:
rbd map mypool/myimage --id admin --keyfile secretfileTo map an image via the kernel with different cluster name other than default ceph.
rbd map mypool/myimage –cluster cluster name
To unmap an image:
rbd unmap /dev/rbd0To create an image and a clone from it:
rbd import --image-format 2 image mypool/parent
rbd snap create mypool/parent@snap
rbd snap protect mypool/parent@snap
rbd clone mypool/parent@snap otherpool/childTo create an image with a smaller stripe_unit (to better distribute small writes in some workloads):
rbd create mypool/myimage --size 102400 --stripe-unit 65536B --stripe-count 16To change an image from one image format to another, export it and then import it as the desired image format:
rbd export mypool/myimage@snap /tmp/img
rbd import --image-format 2 /tmp/img mypool/myimage2To lock an image for exclusive use:
rbd lock add mypool/myimage mylockidTo release a lock:
rbd lock remove mypool/myimage mylockid client.2485感謝你能夠認真閱讀完這篇文章，希望丸趣 TV 小編分享的“Ceph Block Device 塊設備操作的示例分析”這篇文章對大家有幫助，同時也希望大家多多支持丸趣 TV，關注丸趣 TV 行業資訊頻道，更多相關知識等著你來學習!
