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這篇文章主要為大家展示了“Linux 中如何進行命令運行時間測試”，內容簡而易懂，條理清晰，希望能夠幫助大家解決疑惑，下面讓丸趣 TV 小編帶領大家一起研究并學習一下“Linux 中如何進行命令運行時間測試”這篇文章吧。
1. time 命令基本用法
time 命令最基本的用法，就是 time + 命令，比如：
$ time ping baidu.com
PING baidu.com (123.125.114.144) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 123.125.114.144 (123.125.114.144): icmp_seq=1 ttl=56 time=2.83 ms
64 bytes from 123.125.114.144 (123.125.114.144): icmp_seq=2 ttl=56 time=2.77 ms
…………
^C
--- baidu.com ping statistics ---
8 packets transmitted, 8 received, 0% packet loss, time 10818ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 2.765/2.808/2.862/0.039 ms
real 0m11.173s
user 0m0.004s
sys 0m0.002s在結果里，real 表示從我們執行 ping 命令到最終按 ctrl+c 終止這段時間所耗費的時間;user 及 sys 分別表示 ping 命令在用戶空間及內核空間所運行的時間。
2. 將時間信息寫入文件
如果我們想把時間信息直接寫入到文件，而不是顯示在屏幕上，那么我們可以使用 -o 選項，并指定寫入的文件路徑。
$ /usr/bin/time -o /home/alvin/time-output.txt ping baidu.com執行這個命令后，ping 命令的輸出結果依然會在終端里，而 time 命令的結果就寫入到我們所指定的 time-output.txt 文件里。
-o 選項表示輸出文件不存在就創建，如果存在的話就直接覆蓋重寫。如果我們不想覆蓋重寫，而是想追加在文件后面，我們可以使用 -a 選項。
$ /usr/bin/time -a /home/smart/time-output.txt ping linoxide.com3. 顯示更詳細的時間信息
time 命令不帶選項的話，顯示的信息量比較少，如果我們想獲得更詳細的信息，那么我們可以使用 -v 選項。
$ /usr/bin/time -v ping baidu.com
PING baidu.com (123.125.114.144) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 123.125.114.144 (123.125.114.144): icmp_seq=1 ttl=56 time=2.75 ms
64 bytes from 123.125.114.144 (123.125.114.144): icmp_seq=2 ttl=56 time=2.76 ms
64 bytes from 123.125.114.144 (123.125.114.144): icmp_seq=3 ttl=56 time=2.85 ms
64 bytes from 123.125.114.144 (123.125.114.144): icmp_seq=4 ttl=56 time=2.77 ms
^C
--- baidu.com ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3300ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 2.751/2.785/2.851/0.075 ms
Command being timed: ping baidu.com
User time (seconds): 0.00
System time (seconds): 0.00
Percent of CPU this job got: 0%
Elapsed (wall clock) time (h:mm:ss or m:ss): 0:03.64
Average shared text size (kbytes): 0
Average unshared data size (kbytes): 0
Average stack size (kbytes): 0
Average total size (kbytes): 0
Maximum resident set size (kbytes): 2140
Average resident set size (kbytes): 0
Major (requiring I/O) page faults: 0
Minor (reclaiming a frame) page faults: 626
Voluntary context switches: 10
Involuntary context switches: 0
Swaps: 0
File system inputs: 0
File system outputs: 0
Socket messages sent: 0
Socket messages received: 0
Signals delivered: 0
Page size (bytes): 4096
Exit status: 0這個結果信息就相當詳細了，我們可以獲取到足夠多我們所需要的信息。
4. 自定義輸出格式
默認情況下，time 命令只輸出 real，usr，sys 三個內容，如果我們想要個性化一些，算定義它的輸出格式，time 命令也是支持的。time 命令支持的格式有很多，如下所示：
C - Name and command line arguments used
D - Average size of the process s unshared data area in kilobytes
E - Elapsed time in a clock format
F - Number of page faults
I - Number of file system inputs by the process
K - Average total memory use of the process in kilobytes
M - Maximum resident set the size of the process during the lifetime in Kilobytes
O - Number of file system outputs by the process
P - Percentage of CPU that the job received
R - Number of minor or recoverable page faults
S - Total number of CPU seconds used by the system in kernel mode
U - Total number of CPU seconds used by user mode
W - Number of times the process was swapped out of main memory
X - Average amount of shared text in the process
Z - System s page size in kilobytes
c - Number of times the process was context-switched
e - Elapsed real time used by the process in seconds
k - Number of signals delivered to the process
p - Average unshared stack size of the process in kilobytes
r - Number of socket messages received by the process
s - Number of socket messages sent by the process
t - Average resident set size of the process in kilobytes
w - Number of time the process was context-switched voluntarily
x - Exit status of the command如果我們想要輸出以下這樣的格式：
Elapsed Time = 0:01:00, Inputs 2, Outputs 1我們可以這樣自定義：
$ /usr/bin/time -f Elapsed Time = %E, Inputs %I, Outputs %O ping baidu.com
PING baidu.com (220.181.38.148) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 220.181.38.148 (220.181.38.148): icmp_seq=1 ttl=54 time=1.82 ms
64 bytes from 220.181.38.148 (220.181.38.148): icmp_seq=2 ttl=54 time=1.86 ms
^C
--- baidu.com ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3003ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 1.825/1.859/1.879/0.056 ms
Elapsed Time = 0:03.92, Inputs 0, Outputs 0如果你想讓輸出的結果有換行，可以在對應的地方添加 \n，比如：
$ /usr/bin/time -f Elapsed Time = %E \n Inputs %I \n Outputs %O ping baidu.com這樣輸出的結果就類似于這樣：
Elapsed Time = 0:03.92
Inputs 0
Outputs 0以上是“Linux 中如何進行命令運行時間測試”這篇文章的所有內容，感謝各位的閱讀！相信大家都有了一定的了解，希望分享的內容對大家有所幫助，如果還想學習更多知識，歡迎關注丸趣 TV 行業資訊頻道！
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