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本文丸趣 TV 小編為大家詳細介紹“Ubuntu 下如何安裝 Docker CE”，內容詳細，步驟清晰，細節處理妥當，希望這篇“Ubuntu 下如何安裝 Docker CE”文章能幫助大家解決疑惑，下面跟著丸趣 TV 小編的思路慢慢深入，一起來學習新知識吧。
安裝依賴
關于 docker ce 版本在 ubuntu 下安裝有如下限制
64 位的 os
需要 ubuntu64bit 的 os, 確認方法如下
devops@ubuntu:~$ uname -m
x86_64
devops@ubuntu:~$版本
支持如下 ubuntu 的版本
artful 17.10
xenial 16.04 (lts)
trusty 14.04 (lts)
注意：其中 artful 17.10 只支持 docker ce17.11 edge 以及以后版本，因為 artful 本身也是在 2017 年 10 月發行的過渡版本
發行代碼的確認方式，比如 artful
devops@ubuntu:~$ lsb_release -cs
artful
devops@ubuntu:~$硬件
ubuntu 對 docker ce 的支持除了需要是 64 位的 os 之外，x86 的 cpu 也是需要的。除了 x86 之外，還有如下的支持類型
armhf
s390x（ibm z）
ppc64le（ibm power）
devops@ubuntu:~$ uname -m
x86_64
devops@ubuntu:~$安裝
apt-get update
使用 apt-get update 更新源中的軟件列表
devops@ubuntu:~$ sudo su
[sudo] password for devops:
root@ubuntu:/home/devops# apt-get update
hit:1 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful inrelease
get:2 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-updates inrelease [78.6 kb]
hit:3 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-backports inrelease
get:4 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-security inrelease [78.6 kb]
get:5 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-updates/main i386 packages [212 kb]
get:6 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-updates/main amd64 packages [216 kb]
get:7 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-updates/universe i386 packages [89.0 kb]
get:8 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-updates/universe amd64 packages [89.9 kb]
fetched 764 kb in 4s (163 kb/s)
reading package lists... done
root@ubuntu:/home/devops#安裝所需的 package
命令：apt-get install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl software-properties-common
執行日志
root@ubuntu:/home/devops# apt-get install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl software-properties-common
reading package lists... done
building dependency tree
reading state information... done
ca-certificates is already the newest version (20170717).
software-properties-common is already the newest version (0.96.24.17).
the following additional packages will be installed:
libcurl3
the following new packages will be installed:
apt-transport-https
the following packages will be upgraded:
curl libcurl3
2 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 53 not upgraded.
need to get 383 kb of archives.
after this operation, 247 kb of additional disk space will be used.
do you want to continue? [y/n] y
get:1 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-updates/main amd64 apt-transport-https amd64 1.5.1 [34.7 kb]
get:2 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-updates/main amd64 curl amd64 7.55.1-1ubuntu2.3 [152 kb]
get:3 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-updates/main amd64 libcurl3 amd64 7.55.1-1ubuntu2.3 [196 kb]
fetched 383 kb in 14s (26.2 kb/s)
perl: warning: setting locale failed.
perl: warning: please check that your locale settings:
language = en_hk:en ,
lc_all = (unset),
lc_ctype = utf-8 ,
lang = en_hk.utf-8
are supported and installed on your system.
perl: warning: falling back to a fallback locale (en_hk.utf-8).
locale: cannot set lc_ctype to default locale: no such file or directory
locale: cannot set lc_all to default locale: no such file or directory
selecting previously unselected package apt-transport-https.
(reading database ... 63866 files and directories currently installed.)
preparing to unpack .../apt-transport-https_1.5.1_amd64.deb ...
unpacking apt-transport-https (1.5.1) ...
preparing to unpack .../curl_7.55.1-1ubuntu2.3_amd64.deb ...
unpacking curl (7.55.1-1ubuntu2.3) over (7.55.1-1ubuntu2.2) ...
preparing to unpack .../libcurl3_7.55.1-1ubuntu2.3_amd64.deb ...
unpacking libcurl3:amd64 (7.55.1-1ubuntu2.3) over (7.55.1-1ubuntu2.2) ...
setting up apt-transport-https (1.5.1) ...
setting up libcurl3:amd64 (7.55.1-1ubuntu2.3) ...
processing triggers for libc-bin (2.26-0ubuntu2) ...
processing triggers for man-db (2.7.6.1-2) ...
setting up curl (7.55.1-1ubuntu2.3) ...
root@ubuntu:/home/devops#添加 gpg key
使用如下命令添加 docker 官方的 gpg key，
命令：curl -fssl | sudo apt-key add –
執行日志
root@ubuntu:/home/devops# curl -fssl https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -
root@ubuntu:/home/devops#此 key 的數字簽名為 9dc8 5822 9fc7 dd38 854a e2d8 8d81 803c 0ebf cd88，所以可以用其最后 8 位進行確認
root@ubuntu:/home/devops# apt-key fingerprint 0ebfcd88
pub rsa4096 2017-02-22 [scea]
9dc8 5822 9fc7 dd38 854a e2d8 8d81 803c 0ebf cd88
uid [ unknown] docker release (ce deb) docker@docker.com
sub rsa4096 2017-02-22 [s]
root@ubuntu:/home/devops#設定 stable 源倉庫
使用如下命令設定 x86 安裝類型的 stable 源倉庫
命令：add-apt-repository“deb [arch=amd64] $(lsb_release -cs) stable”
如果是其他類型的化，對應關系參看如下，將上述命令中的 arch=amd64 進行替換即可
執行日志：
root@ubuntu:/home/devops# add-apt-repository deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu $(lsb_release -cs) stable
root@ubuntu:/home/devops#apt-get update
再次使用 apt-get update 更新源中的軟件列表
root@ubuntu:/home/devops# apt-get update
hit:1 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful inrelease
get:2 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-security inrelease [78.6 kb]
get:3 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-updates inrelease [78.6 kb]
hit:4 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-backports inrelease
get:5 https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu artful inrelease [51.9 kb]
get:6 https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu artful/stable amd64 packages [1462 b]
fetched 211 kb in 2s (85.8 kb/s)
reading package lists... done
root@ubuntu:/home/devops#安裝 docker-ce
root@ubuntu:/home/devops# apt-get install docker-ce
reading package lists... done
building dependency tree
reading state information... done
the following additional packages will be installed:
aufs-tools cgroupfs-mount libltdl7
the following new packages will be installed:
aufs-tools cgroupfs-mount docker-ce libltdl7
0 upgraded, 4 newly installed, 0 to remove and 53 not upgraded.
need to get 29.9 mb of archives.
after this operation, 150 mb of additional disk space will be used.
do you want to continue? [y/n] y
get:1 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-updates/universe amd64 aufs-tools amd64 1:4.1+20161219-1ubuntu0.1 [102 kb]
get:2 https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu artful/stable amd64 docker-ce amd64 17.12.1~ce-0~ubuntu [29.8 mb]
get:3 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful/universe amd64 cgroupfs-mount all 1.4 [6320 b]
get:4 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful/main amd64 libltdl7 amd64 2.4.6-2 [38.8 kb]
fetched 29.9 mb in 8s (3536 kb/s)
perl: warning: setting locale failed.
perl: warning: please check that your locale settings:
language = en_hk:en ,
lc_all = (unset),
lc_ctype = utf-8 ,
lang = en_hk.utf-8
are supported and installed on your system.
perl: warning: falling back to a fallback locale (en_hk.utf-8).
locale: cannot set lc_ctype to default locale: no such file or directory
locale: cannot set lc_all to default locale: no such file or directory
selecting previously unselected package aufs-tools.
(reading database ... 63874 files and directories currently installed.)
preparing to unpack .../aufs-tools_1%3a4.1+20161219-1ubuntu0.1_amd64.deb ...
unpacking aufs-tools (1:4.1+20161219-1ubuntu0.1) ...
selecting previously unselected package cgroupfs-mount.
preparing to unpack .../cgroupfs-mount_1.4_all.deb ...
unpacking cgroupfs-mount (1.4) ...
selecting previously unselected package libltdl7:amd64.
preparing to unpack .../libltdl7_2.4.6-2_amd64.deb ...
unpacking libltdl7:amd64 (2.4.6-2) ...
selecting previously unselected package docker-ce.
preparing to unpack .../docker-ce_17.12.1~ce-0~ubuntu_amd64.deb ...
unpacking docker-ce (17.12.1~ce-0~ubuntu) ...
setting up aufs-tools (1:4.1+20161219-1ubuntu0.1) ...
processing triggers for ureadahead (0.100.0-20) ...
setting up cgroupfs-mount (1.4) ...
processing triggers for libc-bin (2.26-0ubuntu2) ...
processing triggers for systemd (234-2ubuntu12.1) ...
setting up libltdl7:amd64 (2.4.6-2) ...
processing triggers for man-db (2.7.6.1-2) ...
setting up docker-ce (17.12.1~ce-0~ubuntu) ...
created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/docker.service → /lib/systemd/system/docker.service.
created symlink /etc/systemd/system/sockets.target.wants/docker.socket → /lib/systemd/system/docker.socket.
processing triggers for ureadahead (0.100.0-20) ...
processing triggers for libc-bin (2.26-0ubuntu2) ...
processing triggers for systemd (234-2ubuntu12.1) ...
root@ubuntu:/home/devops#指定版本安裝
如果希望指定版本方式安裝，則在安裝時需要指定 docker-ce=17.12.1~ce-0~ubuntu 版本方式即可
root@ubuntu:/home/devops# apt-cache madison docker-ce
docker-ce | 17.12.1~ce-0~ubuntu | https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu artful/stable amd64 packages
docker-ce | 17.12.0~ce-0~ubuntu | https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu artful/stable amd64 packages
root@ubuntu:/home/devops#
root@ubuntu:/home/devops# apt-get install docker-ce=17.12.1~ce-0~ubuntu
reading package lists... done
building dependency tree
reading state information... done
docker-ce is already the newest version (17.12.1~ce-0~ubuntu).
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 53 not upgraded.
root@ubuntu:/home/devops#安裝后確認
版本確認
root@ubuntu:/home/devops# docker version
client:
version: 17.12.1-ce
api version: 1.35
go version: go1.9.4
git commit: 7390fc6
built: tue feb 27 22:17:53 2018
os/arch: linux/amd64
server:
engine:
version: 17.12.1-ce
api version: 1.35 (minimum version 1.12)
go version: go1.9.4
git commit: 7390fc6
built: tue feb 27 22:16:25 2018
os/arch: linux/amd64
experimental: false
root@ubuntu:/home/devops#整體信息
可以看出很多基本信息，比如存儲方式為 overlay2
root@ubuntu:/home/devops# docker info
containers: 0
running: 0
paused: 0
stopped: 0
images: 0
server version: 17.12.1-ce
storage driver: overlay2
backing filesystem: extfs
supports d_type: true
native overlay diff: true
logging driver: json-file
cgroup driver: cgroupfs
plugins:
volume: local
network: bridge host macvlan null overlay
log: awslogs fluentd gcplogs gelf journald json-file logentries splunk syslog
swarm: inactive
runtimes: runc
default runtime: runc
init binary: docker-init
containerd version: 9b55aab90508bd389d7654c4baf173a981477d55
runc version: 9f9c96235cc97674e935002fc3d78361b696a69e
init version: 949e6fa
security options:
apparmor
seccomp
profile: default
kernel version: 4.13.0-21-generic
operating system: ubuntu 17.10
ostype: linux
architecture: x86_64
cpus: 1
total memory: 988.7mib
name: ubuntu
id: tyya:4lwb:ytha:2dnb:xbxm:nfnp:admy:vzej:2zbn:kpkw:ptml:s5a2
docker root dir: /var/lib/docker
debug mode (client): false
debug mode (server): false
registry: https://index.docker.io/v1/
labels:
experimental: false
insecure registries:
127.0.0.0/8
live restore enabled: false
warning: no swap limit support
root@ubuntu:/home/devops#讀到這里，這篇“Ubuntu 下如何安裝 Docker CE”文章已經介紹完畢，想要掌握這篇文章的知識點還需要大家自己動手實踐使用過才能領會，如果想了解更多相關內容的文章，歡迎關注丸趣 TV 行業資訊頻道。
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