共計 11843 個字符，預計需要花費 30 分鐘才能閱讀完成。
如何進行 11.2.0.4 DG for linux 部署，相信很多沒有經驗的人對此束手無策，為此本文總結了問題出現的原因和解決方法，通過這篇文章希望你能解決這個問題。
1、oracle 數據庫 DB 的工作示意圖
2、oracle dg 的三大工作模式及對數據庫的需求依賴
3、本次實驗的環境
4、oracle DG 部署前的工作
在 centdgpri 機器上部署 Oracle 11.2.0.4 數據庫軟件并部署實例，在 centdgstd 機器上只安裝 Oracle 數據庫軟件，要求 centdgpri 和 centdgstd 機器上的 oracle 環境即數據庫相關的軟件部署路徑最好保持一致。
5、oracle DG 的部署
主庫調整，開啟歸檔
archive log list;
shutdown immediate;
startup mount;
alter system set log_archive_dest_1= location=/opt/oracle/arch
alter database archivelog;
archive log list;
alter database open;
alter system archive log current
主庫調整，開啟閃回
select force_logging, FLASHBACK_ON from v$database;
alter database force logging;
alter system set DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST_SIZE=10g;
alter system set db_recovery_file_dest= /opt/oracle/flash_recovery_area
alter database FLASHBACK ON;
select force_logging, FLASHBACK_ON from v$database;
主庫調整，添加 standby logfile 日志
set linesize 1000
col member for a50
select * from v$logfile order by 1;
select GROUP# ,BYTES/1024/1024 size_M,STATUS,ARCHIVED from v$log;
alter database add standby logfile group 6 (/opt/oracle/oradata/redo06.log) size 50m;
alter database add standby logfile group 7 (/opt/oracle/oradata/redo07.log) size 50m;
alter database add standby logfile group 8 (/opt/oracle/oradata/redo08.log) size 50m;
alter database add standby logfile group 9 (/opt/oracle/oradata/redo09.log) size 50m;
alter database add standby logfile group 10 (/opt/oracle/oradata/redo10.log) size 50m;
主庫調整，修改數據庫啟動 pfile 文件
orcl.__db_cache_size=327155712
orcl.__java_pool_size=4194304
orcl.__large_pool_size=8388608
orcl.__oracle_base= /opt/oracle #ORACLE_BASE
set from environment
orcl.__pga_aggregate_target=314572800
orcl.__sga_target=469762048
orcl.__shared_io_pool_size=0
orcl.__shared_pool_size=117440512
orcl.__streams_pool_size=0
*.audit_file_dest= /opt/oracle/admin/orcl/adump
*.audit_trail= db
*.compatible= 11.2.0.4.0
*.control_files= /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl , /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/control02.ctl
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_domain=
*.db_name= orcl
*.diagnostic_dest= /opt/oracle
*.dispatchers= (PROTOCOL=TCP)
(SERVICE=orclXDB)
*.log_archive_dest_1= location=/opt/arch
*.memory_target=783286272
*.open_cursors=300
*.processes=150
*.remote_login_passwordfile= EXCLUSIVE
*.undo_tablespace= UNDOTBS1
DB_UNIQUE_NAME= orcl
log_archive_config= DG_CONFIG=(orcl,orcls)
log_archive_dest_1= LOCATION=/opt/oracle/arch
VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orcl
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2= SERVICE=dbstandby
LGWR ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orcls
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE
FAL_SERVER=dbstandby
FAL_CLIENT=dbprimary
STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO
*.log_file_name_convert= /opt/oracle/oradata , /opt/oracle/oradata
*.db_file_name_convert= /opt/oracle/oradata , /opt/oracle/oradata
主庫調整，重新生成 spfile
startup pfile= $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initorcl.ora
create spfile from memory;
shutdown immediate;
startup;
show parameter spfile;
主庫調整，修改監聽配置文件 listener.ora
LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST=
(DESCRIPTION
=
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=centdgpri)(PORT=1521))
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=
EXTPROC1521)))
)
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST=
(SID_DESC=
(GLOBAL_DBNAME=orcl)
(SID_NAME=orcl)
(ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/db)
)
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl_DGMGRL)
(ORACLE_HOME = /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/db)
(SID_NAME= orcl)
)
)
ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /opt/oracle
主庫調整，修改 TNS 服務配置文件 tnsnames.ora
DBPRIMARY=
(DESCRIPTION=
(ADDRESS_LIST=
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL
=TCP)(HOST=centdgpri)(PORT=1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA=(SID=orcl)(SERVER=DEDICATED))
)
ORCL=
(DESCRIPTION=
(ADDRESS_LIST=
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL
=TCP)(HOST=centdgpri)(PORT=1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA=(SID=orcl)(SERVER=DEDICATED))
)
DBSTANDBY=
(DESCRIPTION=
(ADDRESS_LIST=
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL
=TCP)(HOST=centdgstd)(PORT=1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA=(SID=orcl)(SERVER=DEDICATED))
)
備庫調整，編輯數據庫啟動 pfile
*.audit_file_dest= /opt/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/adump
*.compatible= 11.2.0.4.0
*.control_files= /opt/oracle/oradata/control01.ctl , /opt/oracle/oradata/control02.ctl
*.core_dump_dest= /opt/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/cdump
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_create_file_dest= /opt/oracle/oradata
*.db_file_multiblock_read_count=16
*.db_name= orcl
*.db_recovery_file_dest= /opt/oracle/flash_recovery_area
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=10G
*.diagnostic_dest= /opt/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/trace
*.dispatchers= (PROTOCOL=TCP)
(SERVICE=orcl)
*.job_queue_processes=10
*.log_archive_dest_1= LOCATION=/opt/oracle/arch
*.log_buffer=7356416
# log buffer update
*.open_cursors=300
*.optimizer_dynamic_sampling=2
*.optimizer_mode= ALL_ROWS
*.pga_aggregate_target=186M
*.plsql_warnings= DISABLE:ALL
# PL/SQL warnings at init.ora
*.processes=150
*.query_rewrite_enabled= TRUE
*.remote_login_passwordfile= EXCLUSIVE
*.result_cache_max_size=2880K
*.sga_target=560M
*.skip_unusable_indexes=TRUE
*.undo_management= AUTO
*.undo_tablespace= UNDOTBS1
DB_UNIQUE_NAME= orcls
log_archive_config= DG_CONFIG=(orcls,orcl)
log_archive_dest_1= LOCATION=/opt/oracle/arch
VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orcls
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2= SERVICE=dbprimary LGWR
ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orcl
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE
FAL_SERVER=dbprimary
FAL_CLIENT=dbstandby
STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO
*.log_file_name_convert= /opt/oracle/oradata , /opt/oracle/oradata
*.db_file_name_convert= /opt/oracle/oradata , /opt/oracle/oradata
備庫調整，編輯監聽配置文件 listener.ora
LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST=
(DESCRIPTION
=
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=centdgstd)(PORT=1521))
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=
EXTPROC1521)))
)
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST=
(SID_DESC=
(GLOBAL_DBNAME=orcl)
(SID_NAME=orcl)
(ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/db)
)
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcls_DGMGRL)
(ORACLE_HOME = /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/db)
(SID_NAME= orcl)
)
)
ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /opt/oracle
備庫調整，修改備庫 TNS 服務配置文件 tnsnames.ora
DBPRIMARY=
(DESCRIPTION=
(ADDRESS_LIST=
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL
=TCP)(HOST=centdgpri)(PORT=1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA=(SID=orcl)(SERVER=DEDICATED))
)
ORCLS=
(DESCRIPTION=
(ADDRESS_LIST=
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL
=TCP)(HOST=centdgstd)(PORT=1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA=(SID=orcl)(SERVER=DEDICATED))
)
DBSTANDBY=
(DESCRIPTION=
(ADDRESS_LIST=
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL =TCP)(HOST=centdgstd)(PORT=1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA=(SID=orcl)(SERVER=DEDICATED))
)
6、主庫克隆島備庫
主庫創建 sys 密碼文件并傳送到備庫 dbs 目錄
orapwd
file=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/PWDorcl.ora password=WaterH2o entries=40 force=y
備庫創建和主庫一致的審計目錄
主庫：
cd
$ORACLE_BASE
tar
-cvf diag.tar diag/
scp
diag.tar centdgstd:/opt/oracle
備庫：
mv
diag $ORACLE_BASE/
cd
$ORACLE_BASE
tar
-xvf diag.tar
mkdir -p
$ORACLE_BASE/flash_recovery_area
mkdir
-p $ORACLE_BASE/oradata
克隆主庫前的 TNS 服務測試，一定要在主備庫均進行測試
tnsping dbprimary
tnsping dbstandby
sqlplus sys/WaterH2o@dbprimary as sysdba
sqlplus sys/WaterH2o@dbstndby as sysdba
主庫克隆到備機
rman target sys/WaterH2o@dbprimary
auxiliary sys/WaterH2o@dbstandby
duplicate
target database for standby from active database nofilenamecheck;
7、開啟備庫的日志同步進程
alter database recover managed standby database
disconnect from session;
8、查看主備庫的角色
select db_unique_name,database_role,switchover_status,open_mode from v$database;
9、驗證物理 DG 的數據同步
select switchover_status from v$database; – 查看有沒有 gap 的歸檔日志
主庫：
select STATUS,
GAP_STATUS from V$ARCHIVE_DEST_STATUS where DEST_ID = 2;
主庫：
SQL select STATUS, GAP_STATUS from
V$ARCHIVE_DEST_STATUS where DEST_ID = 2;
STATUS
GAP_STATUS
———
————————
VALID
RESOLVABLE GAP
備庫：
SQL
select STATUS, GAP_STATUS from V$ARCHIVE_DEST_STATUS where DEST_ID = 2;
STATUS
GAP_STATUS
———
————————
VALID NO
GAP
查看主備庫角色及狀態
select
open_mode,database_role,db_unique_name from v$database;-
主庫：
SQL select open_mode,database_role,db_unique_name
from v$database;
OPEN_MODE DATABASE_ROLE DB_UNIQUE_NAME
——————– —————-
——————————
READ WRITE PRIMARY orcl
SQL
備庫：
SQL select
open_mode,database_role,db_unique_name from v$database;
OPEN_MODE DATABASE_ROLE DB_UNIQUE_NAME
——————– —————-
——————————
READ ONLY WITH APPLY PHYSICAL STANDBY orcl
SQL
查看主備庫的序列號
select max(sequence#) from
v$archived_log;
archive log list;
主庫：
SQL select
max(sequence#) from v$archived_log;
MAX(SEQUENCE#)
————–
25
SQL archive
log list
Database log mode
Archive Mode
Automatic
archival Enabled
Archive
destination /opt/arch
Oldest online log
sequence 24
Next log sequence
to archive 26
Current log
sequence 26
SQL
備庫：
SQL select
max(sequence#) from v$archived_log;
MAX(SEQUENCE#)
————–
25
SQL archive
log list
Database log mode
Archive Mode
Automatic
archival Enabled
Archive
destination /opt/arch
Oldest online log
sequence 17
Next log sequence
to archive 0
Current log
sequence 25
SQL
10、DG Broker 手工管理配置
DG 部署前的主庫確認開啟閃回
select
flashback_on from v$database;
主備庫開啟 dg_broker_start
show parameter
dg_broker_start
alter system set
dg_broker_start=true;
show parameter
dg_broker_start
主庫登錄 dgmrl 客戶端
dgmgrl
sys/WaterH2o@dbprimary
創建 dgb 控制文件（注意一定要進行 tnsping TNS 服務名測試）
create
configuration my_dgb as primary database is orcl connect identifier is dgb_p;
DGMGRL create
configuration my_dgb as primary database is orcl connect identifier is
dbprimary;
Configuration
my_dgb created with primary database orcl
添加備庫
DGMGRL add
database orcls as connect identifier is dbstandby maintained as physical;
Database
orcls added
啟用配置文件
DGMGRL enable configuration;
Enabled.
DGMGRL
驗證配置啟動狀態
DGMGRL show configuration
Configuration – my_dgb
Protection
Mode: MaxPerformance
Databases:
orcl – Primary database
orcls –
Physical standby database
Fast-Start Failover: DISABLED
Configuration Status:
SUCCESS
DGMGRL
開啟主備庫 StandbyFileManagement 并同步到 DGB
SQL alter system
set STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO scope=both;
DGMGRL edit
database orcl set property StandbyFileManagement= AUTO
DGMGRL edit database orcls set property StandbyFileManagement= AUTO
DGMGRL EDIT
DATABASE orcl SET PROPERTY LogXptMode= async
DGMGRL EDIT
DATABASE orcls SET PROPERTY LogXptMode= async
取消物理 DG 的兩個參數
alter system
set fal_server= scope=both sid= *
alter system
set fal_client= scope=both sid= *
11、物理 DG 通過 Broker 手工切換主備庫的角色
主備庫切換前的角色檢查
主庫：
SQL select
database_role,switchover_status,open_mode from v$database;
DATABASE_ROLE SWITCHOVER_STATUS OPEN_MODE
—————-
——————– ——————–
PRIMARY TO STANDBY READ WRITE
備庫：
SQL select
database_role,switchover_status,open_mode from v$database;
DATABASE_ROLE SWITCHOVER_STATUS OPEN_MODE
—————-
——————– ——————–
PHYSICAL STANDBY
NOT ALLOWED MOUNTED
DGMGRIL 控制臺切換主備庫
DGMGRL show
configuration
Configuration –
my_dgb
Protection Mode: MaxPerformance
Databases:
orcl – Primary database
orcls – Physical standby database
Fast-Start
Failover: DISABLED
Configuration
Status:
SUCCESS
DGMGRL
switchover to orcls
Performing
switchover NOW, please wait…
Operation
requires a connection to instance orcl on database
orcls
Connecting to
instance orcl …
Connected.
New primary
database orcls is opening…
Operation
requires startup of instance orcl on database orcl
Starting instance
orcl …
ORACLE instance
started.
Database mounted.
Database opened.
Switchover succeeded,
new primary is orcls
DGMGRL
DGMGRL show
configuration
Configuration –
my_dgb
Protection Mode: MaxPerformance
Databases:
orcls – Primary database
orcl – Physical standby database
Fast-Start
Failover: DISABLED
Configuration
Status:
SUCCESS
DGMGRL
DGMGRIL 控制臺手工切換主備庫的結果檢查
新主庫：
SQL select
db_unique_name,database_role,switchover_status,open_mode from v$database;
DB_UNIQUE_NAME DATABASE_ROLE SWITCHOVER_STATUS OPEN_MODE
——————————
—————- ——————– ——————–
orcls PRIMARY TO STANDBY READ WRITE
新備庫：
SQL select
db_unique_name,database_role,switchover_status,open_mode from v$database;
DB_UNIQUE_NAME DATABASE_ROLE SWITCHOVER_STATUS OPEN_MODE
——————————
—————- ——————– ——————–
orcl PHYSICAL STANDBY NOT ALLOWED MOUNTED
12、啟動 DG FFS 即啟動 Failvoer Fast Start
啟用 FFS 必須滿足的條件
主備庫日志同步模式是自動同步
LogXptMode= async
EDIT DATABASE orcl SET PROPERTY LogXptMode= async
EDIT DATABASE orcls SET PROPERTY
LogXptMode= async
主備庫均開啟閃回，目的是啟動快速自動恢復數據庫
select name,db_unique_name,flashback_on
from v$database;
處理 standby 的備庫打開閃回
alter database open read only;
alter database flashback on;
12. 啟用 DG 的 FFS
啟用主備庫的 FFS
edit database orcl set property
FastStartFailoverTarget=orcls;
edit database orcls set property FastStartFailoverTarget=orcl;
enable fast_start failover
啟用結果
13、DG Broker FFS 功能測試
主庫 shutdown abort 故障模擬
登錄主庫發起 shutdown abort
備庫告警日志提示備庫成功接管主庫
observer 提示角色自動切換
確認角色自動切換結果
主庫恢復后啟動
observer 日志提示主備角色分配
原主庫恢復后的主備庫角色查看
原備庫端查看
看完上述內容，你們掌握如何進行 11.2.0.4 DG for linux 部署的方法了嗎？如果還想學到更多技能或想了解更多相關內容，歡迎關注丸趣 TV 行業資訊頻道，感謝各位的閱讀！
